Conclusion
Despite the challenges to their cultural identity and their questioning of where they belonged,
the desire for sistemazione continued to spur on the Wittenoom Italians wherever they finally
settled. Wittenoom had proven a point of transition from economic uncertainty to a more
certain future for most of them. Wittenoom savings allowed many individuals and couples to
purchase a home, farm or business and convinced a prospective Italian father-in-law of a
single Italian male’s worthiness to marry his daughter and start a family.
The Wittenoom Italians’ proven work ethic made them desirable employees.
Nevertheless, the realization that their hard work was making their employer wealthy, while
they received a wage, prompted many to work overtime and second jobs to provide the funds
for their own successful business ventures and other investments. Their sustained efforts
also provided the basis for their children’s sistemazione. Many have attained success in a
variety of fields, acquiring the educational and trade qualifications their parents had aspired
78
Interview with Fulvia Valvasori, Perth, October 2009.
247
to for them. These second generation children, in turn, have provided opportunities for their
own children to do the same.
As the Wittenoom Italians worked to achieve sistemazione, the consequences of their
time in Wittenoom became apparent. All who have gone to Wittenoom have had to deal with
the legacy of Wittenoom.
248
Chapter Eight - The Legacy of Wittenoom: Disease, Death
and the Ticking Time Bomb
Whilst I like the place, because I’ve had the most
memorable time there: it’s a little bit like having the most
fun time driving in a car and owning that car and in this
case you own it for years and the thing that you love kills
you. You have an accident and it kills you.
1
As the Italians pursued pathways to sistemazione post Wittenoom, the impact of asbestos-
related diseases was to become apparent. Most workers and residents had left Wittenoom in
an apparently good state of health, unaware of the health issues some were facing. The
transience of the Wittenoom population had ensured that stories of those already displaying
signs of disease were not widely known.
Several participants spoke of loved ones or family friends who returned from
Wittenoom already displaying symptoms of asbestosis which ended in their deaths after 20
to 25 years of progressively deteriorating health. More alarming among the ex-Wittenoom
population was the emergence and increasing numbers to die an excruciating death from
mesothelioma within a year of its diagnosis. By the mid 1960s some research was
suggesting that anyone experiencing even trivial exposure to asbestos could develop
mesothelioma.
2
Western Australian researchers published predictions of the mortality rate
from asbestos-related diseases among the surviving Wittenoom population. As this
information spread among the apparently healthy ex-Wittenoom workers and residents, they
have had to live with the fear of the ticking time bomb: that they too could die from
mesothelioma.
Warnings of the dangers of asbestos exposure and its consequences have been and
continue to be circulated by organizations such as Perth’s Asbestos Diseases Society of
Australia. Participants and their family members are very familiar with the role of the ADSA;
some having had reason to consult the ADSA for legal advice to mount a damages claim
once diagnosed with an asbestos-related disease.
1
Interview with Alvaro Giannasi, Perth, September 2009.
2
Castleman, Op Cit. p. 128
.
249
Despite ongoing research, asbestos-related diseases have no effective treatment,
and mortality rates have continued to rise from both occupational and environmental
exposure.
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