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Electric Circuit Analysis by K. S. Suresh Kumar

10.3 
Step reSponSe oF 
RL
 cIrcuIt by SolvInG dIFFerentIal eQuatIon
We have already derived the first-order linear differential equation with constant coefficients that 
describe the behaviour of inductor current in a series RL circuit for all t. This governing differential 
equation is 
di t
dt
i t
L
v t
t
L
L
S
for all 
( )
( )
( )
+
=
t
1
(10.3-1)
where 
t

L/Ri
L
(t) is the current in the inductor (as well as the circuit current) and v
S
(t) is the input 
voltage source function (also called excitation function, forcing function, input function etc.) which 
must be defined for all t if Eqn. 10.3-1 is to be used. 
Notice that the domain of the functions appearing in the governing differential equation is the 
entire time axis from 
-∞
to 
+ ∞
since the differential equation is obtained by a systematic application 
of KCL and KVL. They are basic conservation laws in essence and hence must remain true at all 
instants of time. Therefore, we must know the input function for all t if we are to solve for i
L
(t) for all 
tBut, neither can we know input source function for all t in a practical circuit problem nor do we want 
to solve for current for all t. Also, the input function may be ill-defined at certain instants of time. This 
makes a detailed discussion of the way input functions are specified in circuit problems necessary.


Step Response of 
RL
Circuit by Solving Differential Equation 
10.9

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