Reading Comprehension Success in 20 Minutes a Day, 3rd Edition

T h e D i f f e r e n c e b e t w e e n
L o g i c a l a n d E m o t i o n a l A p p e a l s
When writers want to convince people of something or
influence them to think a certain way, they generally
rely on two means of persuasion: appealing to the
reader’s sense of logic and appealing to the reader’s
emotions. It is important to be able to distinguish
between these two types of appeal because when writ-
ers rely 
only 
on appeals to emotion, they neglect to
provide any real 
evidence 
for why you should believe
what they say. Writers who rely solely on emotional
appeals usually hope to get their readers so angry,
scared, or excited that they will forget to look for rea-
son or sense in the argument.
Unfortunately, many readers aren’t aware of this
strategy, so they may accept arguments that are
unfounded, manipulative, or both. Political leaders
who use the emotional strategy in speaking to crowds are
called 
demagogues
. Calling a leader a demagogue is no
compliment since it means that he or she relies on prej-
udice and passion rather than clear thinking to per-
suade people of his or her position. Sound reasoning
requires that you are able to look beyond emotional
appeals to determine if there is any 
logic 
behind them.
While it is true that an appeal to emotions can
help 
strengthen
an argument based in logic, an argu-
ment cannot be valid if it is based solely on emotional
appeal.
D i s t i n g u i s h i n g b e t w e e n
L o g i c a l a n d E m o t i o n a l A p p e a l s
The best way to see the difference between logical and
emotional appeals is to look at some examples. Actively
read the passages that follow, trying to discern whether
the author is appealing primarily to your sense of rea-
son or to your emotions.