Rohini college of engineering and technology


ROHINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY



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ROHINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY 
EC 8095 VLSI DESIGN 
 
FPGA Architecture 
FPGAs are prefabricated silicon chips that can be programmed electrically 
to implement digital designs. The first static memory based FPGA called SRAM 
is used for configuring both logic and interconnection using a stream of 
configuration bits. Today’s modern EPGA contains approximately 3,30,000 logic 
blocks and around 1,100 inputs and outputs. 
 
Fig 5.1.9:
 
FPGA Architecture 
[Source: Neil H.E. Weste, David Money Harris ―CMOS VLSI Design: A Circuits and 
Systems Perspective] 
FPGA Architecture 
The FPGA Architecture consists of three major components 

Programmable Logic Blocks, which implement logic functions 

Programmable Routing (interconnects), which implements functions 

I/O blocks, which are used to make off-chip connections 


ROHINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY 
EC 8095 VLSI DESIGN 
 
Programmable Logic Blocks
The programmable logic block provides basic computation and storage 
elements used in digital systems. A basic logic element consists of programmable 
combinational logic, a flip-flop, and some fast carry logic to reduce area and delay 
cost. 
Modern FPGAs contain a heterogeneous mixture of different blocks like 
dedicated memory blocks, multiplexers. Configuration memory is used 
throughout the logic blocks to control the specific function of each element. 
Programmable Routing
The programmable routing establishes a connection between logic blocks 
and Input/Output blocks to complete a user-defined design unit. 
It consists of multiplexers pass transistors and tri-state buffers. Pass transistors 
and multiplexers are used in a logic cluster to connect the logic elements. 

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