“the”
qo’llaniladi:
The
book
called
“Jane Eyre” is interesting.
The
film
called
“Harry Potter” is astonishing.
10) Noaniq artikllar (a, an) gapda “har qanday” degan ma’noni berishi ham
mumkin va bu o’rinda ular “every” olmoshiga sinonim bo’lib keladi:
A
room has 4 corners
= Every
room has 4 corners (Har bir xonani to’rtta burchagi
bor)
A
child can understand this sentence
= Every
child can understand this sentence
(Har bir bola bu gapni tushuna oladi)
Definite article
(Aniq Artikl)
1)
So’zlovchi va tinglovchi nutqida ular tomonidan gapda ikkinchi marotaba
yoki takroran qo’llanilgan ot (narsa- predmet) oldidan aniq artikl “the”
qo’llaniladi.
Bu holatda o’sha narsa- predmetlarning ma’lum bir belgilari, turgan
joyi, kimga tegishli ekanligi haqida ma’lumot beriladi yoki gapda ko’rsatib
o’tiladi:
Indefinite article:
Definite article:
This is
a
book
It is
an
apple
This is
a
pen
There is
a
man and
a
boy outside
The
book is interesting
The
apple is on the table
The
pen is mine
The
man is a teacher and
the
boy his
son
2)
Aniq artikl “the” ingliz tilidagi “this”, “that” ko’rsatish olmoshlaridan kelib
chiqib, “o’sha” degan ma’noni anglatadi.
Bu holatda so’zlovchining nutqi va
e’tibori aynan bir narsa- predmetga qaratilgan bo’ladi:
Indefinite article:
Definite article:
Bring me
a
book – menga bitta kitob
ber
Give me
a
pen – menga birorta ruchka
ber
Bring me
the
book – menga o’sh
kitobni ber
Give me
the
pen – menga o’sh
ruchkani ber
Artikllarning qo’llanilish holatlari
1)
Sifatlarning orttirma darajasi oldidan “the” aniq artikli qo’llaniladi:
4
The
longest
river – eng uzun daryo
The most
interesting film – eng qiziqarli film
The best
book – eng yaxshi kitob
Ammo oddiy darajadagi sifatlar gapda yakka holda kelsa, ular oldidan
artikllar qo’llanilmaydi:
This river is
×
long – daryo uzun
This book is
×
good – bu kitob yaxshi
This film is
×
interesting – bu film qiziqarli
2)
Tartib sonlar oldidan “the” aniq artikli qo’llaniladi:
The
first
chapter – birinchi bob
The third
text – uchinchi matn
The second
lesson – ikkinchi dars
The
fourth
room – to’rtinchi xona
Ammo sanoq sonlar va ularning birikmalari oldidan artikllar qo’llanilmaydi:
×One - ×Chapter one
×Two - ×Lesson two
×Three - ×Text three
×Four - ×Room four
Bundan tashqari,
tartib sonlar gapda sanash ohangida ketma- ketlikni ifodalab
kelsa, ular oldidan noaniq artikllar
qo’llaniladi:
Suddenly, I heard
a
cry, then
a
second,
a
third and
a
fourth – to’satdan, bir qichqiriq
eshitdim, keyin ikkinchisi, uchinchisi va to’rtinchisi eshitildi
A
boy intered the room, then
a
second,
a
third,
a
fourth and
a
fifth – xonaga bir bola
kirdi, keyin ikkinchisi, uchinchisi, to’rtinchisi va beshinchisi kirdi
Ammo, sanoq sonli birikmalar aniq vaziyatda kelsa, yoki boshqa bir
aniqlovchi bilan birikib kelsa, ular oldidan “the” aniq artikli qo’llaniladi:
Mr. John’s daughter Sarah and Mr Winke’s nice Nora Share are in the same
apartment. But
the
two girls don’t get on well – janob Jonsonning qizi Sara va janob
Vinklning jiyani Nora Sheya bir xonada yashashadi. Ammo bu ikki qiz kelisholmaydi
The
two missing travellers were found yesterday (yo’qolgan sayyohlar kecha topildi)
-
×
Two travelers were found yesterday (kecha 2 ta sayyoh topildi)
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