6 Grammar
Focus
1. making
2. to speak
3. to vote
4. entering
5. to ignore
6. taking
Topical news Lessons
Level
Vocabulary and
grammar
Discussion
A woman's talent is to listen, says the Vatican.
Elementary
(includes
key)
Irregular past tenses,
collocations and word
building.
Intermediate
Past simple forms in
the passive.
Advanced
Reported speech and
collocations.
Are women really
different to men
because they can give
birth?
Macmillan Publishers Ltd 2004
Taken from the news section in
www.onestopenglish.com
Fill the gaps using these key words from the text:
document
author
personality
humble
faithful
effect
mature
statement
1.
A ____________ person does not think he or she is better or more important
than other people.
2.
A ____________ person is one who is fully grown, like an adult.
3.
A ____________ person is one who always does what they have promised to
do.
4.
A ____________ is a paper with important information in it.
5.
If something has an ____________ on something else, it makes it change in
some way.
6.
An ____________ is a person who writes books, stories or documents.
7.
A ____________ is something that you say or write.
8.
Your ____________ is the kind of person you are.
Look in the text and find the answers to these questions:
1.
How many pages are there in the document?
2.
Who published the document?
3.
Who wrote it?
4.
Who is Erin Pizzey?
5.
Who is Catherine Pepinster?
Macmillan Publishers Ltd 2004
Taken from the news section in
www.onestopenglish.com
A woman’s talent is to listen
John Hooper and Jo Revill in Rome.
Last week the Vatican published a 37-page
document about women in society. The author
of the document was Cardinal Joseph
Ratzinger, the most important theologian in
the Vatican. In the document, Cardinal
Ratzinger writes about the typical
characteristics of women. He says that women
have the same positive characteristics as the
Virgin Mary.
According to the cardinal, women are
humble, faithful and welcoming and they
know how to listen, how to praise and how to
wait.
The document is an official Vatican
statement, so it is probable that the Pope
himself read it and perhaps made some
changes to it. Many people will probably
disagree with some of the things the
document says. For example, it says that the
fact that women can give birth to children has
an effect on their personality. Women have
the ability to give life so they are able to help
others to grow and are able to protect them.
The document is called the
Letter to the
Bishops of the Catholic Church on the
Collaboration of Men and Women in the
Church and in the World
. In the document
Cardinal Ratzinger also attacks ideas that are
not good for “the true progress of women”.
One of these ideas, he says, is the belief that
some people think women are less important
than men. This idea causes problems, he says,
because it seems to mean that if women want
to be equal they must become enemies of
men. Ideas like this could have a negative
effect on the structure of the family,
according to the cardinal.
The cardinal says that in this “war” between
the sexes, the differences between men and
women are becoming less and less clear. But
the fact that women can give birth is a very
important one, he says. This means that
women become mature very quickly and are
serious and responsible in their lives. Because
of this they should be “present in the world of
work and in the organisation of society”.
The document received a mixed reaction from
feminists and women writers. Erin Pizzey, the
founder of the international women's refuge
movement, said: "Catholic priests and bishops
cannot marry so I don’t think the Catholic
Church should make statements like this."
But Catherine Pepinster, the editor of the
British Catholic journal The Tablet, said
many women would understand the feelings
in the document. "It is typical of feminists to
criticise this document without thinking. The
document looks at differences between the
sexes, but it also says that women have a big
role to play in society."
The Guardian Weekly
20-06-04
Macmillan Publishers Ltd 2004
Taken from the news section in
www.onestopenglish.com
Match the beginnings and endings of the sentences.
1. Women become mature very quickly ...
2. The “war” between the sexes ...
3. The cardinal says that women ...
4. Some people say that if women want to be equal ...
5. Erin Pizzey criticised the document ...
6. Catherine Pepinster agrees with the document ...
a. ... means that differences between men and women are becoming less clear.
b. ... they must become enemies of men.
c. ... because she thinks many women will understand the feelings in it.
d. ... because she doesn’t think the Catholic Church should make statements like this.
e. ... because they can give birth to children.
f. ... are humble, faithful and welcoming.
Find verbs in the text that go with the following nouns
1.
____________ a document
2.
____________ a document
3.
____________ a document
4.
____________ a statement
5.
____________ problems
6.
____________ birth
7.
____________ a role
8.
____________ changes
Macmillan Publishers Ltd 2004
Taken from the news section in
www.onestopenglish.com
Complete the table. Use your dictionary to help you.
Verb
Noun
1.
publish
____________
2.
organise
____________
3.
state
____________
4.
disagree
____________
5.
protect
____________
6.
react
____________
7.
move
____________
8.
feel
____________
Complete the table. Use your dictionary to help you.
Present
Past simple
1.
read
____________
2.
say
____________
3.
make
____________
4.
understand
____________
5.
give
____________
6.
write
____________
7.
feel
____________
8.
become
____________
9.
grow
____________
10.
think
____________
Macmillan Publishers Ltd 2004
Taken from the news section in
www.onestopenglish.com
1
Key Vocabulary
1. humble
2. mature
3. faithful
4. document
5. effect
6. author
7. statement
8. personality
2
Find the Information
1. 37
2. The Vatican
3. Cardinal Ratzinger
4. The founder of the international women’s refuge movement
5. The editor of the British Catholic journal The Tablet
3
Comprehension Check
1. e; 2. a; 3. f; 4. b; 5. d; 6. c
4
Vocabulary Development
Collocations
Find verbs in the text that go with the following nouns
1.
write a document
2.
read a document
3.
publish a document
4.
make a statement
5.
cause problems
6.
give birth
7.
play a role
8.
make changes
5
Word Building
1.
publication
2.
organisation
3.
statement
4.
disagreement
5.
protection
6.
reaction
7.
movement
8.
feeling
6
Grammar Focus. Irregular past tenses.
1.
read
2.
said
3.
made
4.
understood
5.
gave
6.
wrote
7.
felt
8.
became
9.
grew
10.
thought
Macmillan Publishers Ltd 2004
Taken from the news section in
www.onestopenglish.com
Match these words from the text with their meanings.
1. humility
2. virtue
3. theologian
4. intuition
5. antagonism
6. unique
7. knee-jerk reaction
8. mature
a. An ability to know or understand something through your feelings.
b. A response that is immediate and not carefully considered.
c. Behaving in the sensible way you would expect an adult to behave.
d. A way of behaving that shows that you do not think you are better or more
important than other people.
e. Someone who studies God and religion.
f. A strong feeling of disliking someone.
g. Not the same as anyone or anything else.
h. A good quality or habit that a person has, especially a moral one.
A document published by the Vatican lists 6 most typical characteristics of women.
Which 6 in this list of 10 characteristics do you think it mentions?
1. listening
2. managing
3. organizing
4. welcoming
5. humility
6. strength
7. winning
8. faithfulness
9. praise
10. waiting
Now look in the first paragraph of the text and check your answers:
Macmillan Publishers Ltd 2004
Taken from the news section in
www.onestopenglish.com
A woman’s talent is to listen
John Hooper and Jo Revill in Rome.
The Vatican has published a document
containing its views on the most typical
characteristics of women: "Listening,
welcoming, humility, faithfulness, praise and
waiting." In its most important statement on
the role of women in almost ten years, the
Roman Catholic Church said these virtues of
the Virgin Mary were ones women showed
"with particular intensity and naturalness".
The 37-page statement, published in full last
Sunday, was written by the Pope's leading
theologian, Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger.
Because it is an official Vatican statement, it
is likely that it was read, and perhaps
amended, by the Pope himself before it was
published. The document will probably
produce a lot of discussion about the
characteristics of women. It says: "Women
preserve the deep intuition of the goodness in
their lives ... and contribute to the growth and
protection [of others]. This intuition is linked
to women's physical capacity to give life. This
capacity is a reality that has a strong effect on
the nature of the female personality”.
In his
Letter to the Bishops of the Catholic
Church on the Collaboration of Men and
Women in the Church and in the World
,
Cardinal Ratzinger criticises "ideas that are
often at variance with the true progress of
women". He said that one of these was the
idea that women were regarded as less
important than men. This idea created
antagonism and implied that "women, in
order to be themselves, must make themselves
the enemies of men". Confrontational
thinking like this was "leading to harmful
confusion . . . and had a negative effect on the
structure of the family.
The differences between men and women
were becoming lost in this “gender war”, he
said. "To avoid the domination of one sex or
the other some people deny these differences
and regard them simply as the effects of
historical and cultural conditioning." This
view ignored the qualities that came from a
woman's unique ability to give birth. This
ability “allows her to become mature very
quickly, and gives a sense of the seriousness
of life and of its responsibilities. A sense and
a respect for what is concrete develop in her".
The cardinal uses the document to argue that,
because they have something unique to
contribute, "women should be present in the
world of work and in the organisation of
society".
The document received a mixed reaction from
feminists and women writers. Erin Pizzey,
founder of the international women's refuge
movement, said: "Catholic priests and bishops
cannot marry so I don’t think the Catholic
Church is in a position to make statements
like this."
But Catherine Pepinster, editor of the British
Catholic journal The Tablet, said many
women would identify strongly with the
comments. "It is typical of feminists to give a
knee-jerk reaction to this document. It makes
a distinction between the sexes, but it also
says that women have a big role to play in
society."
The Guardian Weekly
20-06-04
Macmillan Publishers Ltd 2004
Taken from the news section in
www.onestopenglish.com
Decide whether these sentences are True or False.
1. The Pope wrote the document himself.
2. The document says that the ability to give birth strongly effects the female
personality.
3. The author of the document regards women as less important than men.
4. He says that differences between men and women are becoming clearer.
5. He also says that giving birth means that women become mature much later than
men.
6. Feminists and women writers all criticised the document.
Fill the gaps using a preposition. Check your answers in the text.
1. The statement was published _______ full last Sunday.
2. Women contribute _______ the growth and protection of others.
3. Some ideas are at variance _______ the true progress of women.
4. This kind of thinking leads _______ harmful confusion.
5. Women have a respect _______ what is concrete.
6. Many women will identify strongly _______ the comments.
7. The document makes a distinction _______ the sexes.
8. Some people regard the document as the church’s most important statement -
_______ the role of women in almost 10 years.
Complete the table
Verb
Noun
Verb
Noun
1.
publish
____________
2.
state
____________
3.
discuss
____________
4.
protect
____________
5.
criticise
____________
6.
react
____________
7.
contribute
____________
8.
amend
____________
Macmillan Publishers Ltd 2004
Taken from the news section in
www.onestopenglish.com
Look at this example from the text:
The statement was written by the Pope’s leading theologian.
Rewrite these sentences in the same way.
1. The Pope read the document.
2. The Pope probably amended the document.
3. Some feminists criticised the document.
4. The Vatican published the document.
5. Some people regarded women as less important than men.
6. Erin Pizzey founded the international women’s refuge movement.
The document says, amongst other things, that women listen and are welcoming,
faithful and humble. Do you agree that certain characteristics apply more to women
than men? Make a list of typical adjectives for both sexes.
Macmillan Publishers Ltd 2004
Taken from the news section in
www.onestopenglish.com
1
Key Vocabulary
1. d; 2. h; 3. e; 4. a; 5. f; 6. g; 7. b; 8. c
2
What do you think?
listening, welcoming, humility, faithfulness, praise, waiting
3
Comprehension Check
1. F; 2. T; 3. F; 4. F; 5. F; 6. F
4
Vocabulary Development Prepositions
1. in
2. to
3. with
4. to
5. for
6. with
7. between
8. on
5
Word Building
1.
publication
2.
statement
3.
discussion
4.
protection
5.
criticism
6.
reaction
7.
contribution
8.
amendment
6
Grammar Focus. Past simple forms in the passive.
1. The document was read by the Pope.
2. The document was probably amended by the Pope.
3. The document was criticised by some feminists.
4. The document was published by the Vatican.
5. Women were regarded as less important than men (by some people)
6. The international women’s refuge movement was founded by Erin Pizzey.
Macmillan Publishers Ltd 2004
Taken from the news section in
www.onestopenglish.com
Fill the gaps using these key words from the text:
humility
cardinal (n)
attribute (n)
rhetoric
adversary
lethal
blur (vb)
knee-jerk
1.
If something is described as ____________, it is very dangerous and can kill
you.
2.
If something ____________, it becomes difficult to see it clearly often because
its edges are not clear.
3.
A ____________ response is one that is immediate and not carefully
considered.
4.
A ____________ is a priest with a very high position in the Catholic Church.
5.
Behaving with ____________ shows that you do not think you are better or
more important than other people.
6.
An ____________ is a quality or feature of someone or something.
7.
An ____________ is an enemy or an opponent.
8.
____________ is a style of speaking or writing that is intended to influence
people.
The text is about the Catholic Church’s view of the nature of women in society. The
Vatican lists 6 typical characteristics of women. Which 6 of these 10 characteristics
do you think it chose?
1.
listening
2.
organising
3.
competing
4.
welcoming
5.
humility
6.
strength
7.
aggression
8.
faithfulness
9.
praise
10.
waiting
Now look in the first paragraph of the text and check your answers.
Macmillan Publishers Ltd 2004
Taken from the news section in
www.onestopenglish.com
A woman’s talent is to listen
John Hooper and Jo Revill in Rome.
The Vatican has depicted what it claims are
women’s characteristic traits: "Listening,
welcoming, humility, faithfulness, praise and
waiting." In its most important statement on
the role of women in almost a decade, the
Roman Catholic Church said these virtues of
the Virgin Mary were ones women displayed
"with particular intensity and naturalness".
The 37-page statement was written by the
Pope's leading theologian, Cardinal Joseph
Ratzinger. As a statement of official doctrine,
it would have been read, and very likely
amended, by the Pope himself before
publication.
The document, which will prompt a fierce
debate about the attributes of women, added:
"Although a certain type of feminist rhetoric
makes demands 'for ourselves', women
preserve the deep intuition of the goodness in
their lives of those actions that elicit life, and
contribute to the growth and protection [of
others]. This intuition is linked to women's
physical capacity to give life. Whether lived
out or remaining potential, this capacity is a
reality that structures the female personality
in a profound way."
In his
Letter to the Bishops of the Catholic
Church on the Collaboration of Men and
Women in the Church and in the World
,
Cardinal Ratzinger takes aim at "currents of
thought that are often at variance with the
authentic advancement of women". Chief
among these is a tendency to "emphasise
strongly conditions of subordination in order
to give rise to antagonism". It implied that
"women, in order to be themselves, must
make themselves the adversaries of men".
Such confrontational thinking was "leading to
harmful confusion . . . which has its most
immediate and lethal effects in the structure
of the family".
Gender war encouraged a perilous blurring of
the distinctions. "To avoid the domination of
one sex or the other, their differences tend to
be denied, viewed as mere effects of historical
and cultural conditioning." Such a view
ignored qualities that arose from a woman's
unique ability to give birth. This "allows her
to acquire maturity very quickly, and gives a
sense of the seriousness of life and of its
responsibilities. A sense and a respect for
what is concrete develop in her, opposed to
abstractions which are so often fatal for the
existence of individuals and society". The
cardinal uses the document to argue that,
because they have something unique to
contribute, "women should be present in the
world of work and in the organisation of
society".
The comments drew a mixed reaction from
feminists and women writers. Erin Pizzey,
founder of the international women's refuge
movement, said: "I don't think the Catholic
Church, whose priests and bishops cannot
marry, is in a position to make such
statements."
But Catherine Pepinster, editor of the British
Catholic journal The Tablet, said the
comments would resonate with many women.
"For feminists to rubbish it is a knee-jerk
response. It does make a distinction between
the sexes, but it also points out that women
have a big role to play in society."
The Guardian Weekly
20-06-0
Macmillan Publishers Ltd 2004
Taken from the news section in
www.onestopenglish.com
Choose the best answer
1. What does the document regard as the main influence on the female personality?
a. A deep intuition of goodness.
b. The physical capacity to give life.
c. Being the adversaries of men.
2. What does the document regard as the source of “harmful confusion”?
a. The idea that women must make themselves the adversaries of men.
b. Confrontational thinking.
c. The structure of the family.
3. What, according to the document, allows women to become mature very quickly?
a. Gender war.
b. Their ability to give birth.
c. A sense of the seriousness of life.
4. Why, according to the cardinal, should women be present in the world of work?
a. Because they are good organisers.
b. Because they have the ability to give birth.
c. Because they have something unique to contribute.
5. Why does the founder of the international women’s refuge movement disagree
with the document?
a. Because she doesn’t think Catholic priests are in a position to make statements
about women.
b. Because it does not make a distinction between the sexes.
c. Because her reaction is simply a knee-jerk response.
Macmillan Publishers Ltd 2004
Taken from the news section in
www.onestopenglish.com
Match the adjectives in the left-hand column with the nouns in the right-hand
column. Look in the text to check your answers.
1. characteristic
a. intuition
2. official
b. ability
3. fierce
c. traits
4. deep
d. thinking
5. confrontational
e. doctrine
6. knee-jerk
f. effect
7. lethal
g. reaction/response
8. unique
h. debate
Complete the chunks by adding a preposition. Look in the text to check your answers.
1. ______ a profound way
2. at variance _______ something
3. to give rise _______ something
4. a blurring _______ the distinctions
5. to arise _______ something
6. to be _______ a position to do something
7. to contribute _______ something
8. to take aim _______ something
Macmillan Publishers Ltd 2004
Taken from the news section in
www.onestopenglish.com
Look at this example from the text:
The Roman Catholic Church said these virtues were ones women displayed
“with particular intensity and natural ness”.
The direct words were:
“These virtues are ones women display with particular intensity and
naturalness.
Rewrite these statements from the text in reported speech:
1. This intuition is linked to women’s physical capacity to give life.
2. I don’t think the Catholic Church is in a position to make such statements.
3. It also points out that women have a big role to play in society.
4. A woman’s unique ability to give birth allows her to acquire maturity very quickly.
5. The gender war encourages a perilous blurring of the distinctions.
6. Differences between the sexes tend to be ignored.
Look again at the list of qualities in Exercise 2. Add some more qualities that apply to
women in general. Now make a list of qualities that apply to men.
Do you agree that there are fundamental character differences between men and
women?
Macmillan Publishers Ltd 2004
Taken from the news section in
www.onestopenglish.com
1
Key Vocabulary
Fill the gaps using these key words from the text:
humility
cardinal(n)
attribute(n)
rhetoric
adversary
lethal
blur(vb)
knee-jerk
1. lethal
2. blurs/is blurred
3. knee-jerk
4. cardinal
5. humility
6. attribute
7. adversary
8. rhetoric
2
What do you know?
listening, welcoming, humility, faithfulness, praise and waiting
3
Comprehension Check
1. b; 2. a; 3. b; 4. c; 5. a
4
Collocations
Match the adjectives in the left-hand column with the nouns in the right-hand column. Look in the
text to check your answers.
1. c; 2 e; 3. h; 4. a; 5. d; 6. g; 7. f; 8. b
5
Chunks
1. in
2. with
3. to
4. of
5. from
6. in
7. to
8. at
6
Grammar Focus – Reported Speech
1. (It said that) this intuition was linked to women’s physical capacity to give life.
2. She said she didn’t think the Catholic Church was in a position to make such statements.
3. It also pointed out that women had a big role to play in society.
4. A woman’s unique ability to give birth allowed her to acquire maturity very quickly.
5. The gender war encouraged a perilous blurring of the distinctions.
6. Differences between the sexes tended to be ignored.
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