The cornerstone of unity



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100 Innovation from Finland English version

72 MATERNITY PACK
The Finnish maternity pack was an important social innovation when it was introduced, and it is still unique in the 
world in terms of both scope and content. Although mothers in other countries have also been entitled to various 
grants which have included child care items, these have mainly consisted of individual pieces of clothing. In Austria, 
in Vienna region there is nowadays a small pack with some clothes, Slovenia started also with a maternity pack but 
it is not as extensive as its model. The same applies also to Latin American development, like the maternity pack in 
Uruguay. 
Part of the reason that the maternity grant came to consist of a pack of child care items was the short supply 
of goods in post-war Finland 
– rationing meant that here were things that money just could not buy. The 
maternity pack was “The State’s Present to Finnish Mothers” at that time, and it really met a need. 
In the beginning the municipality’s social welfare board decided what type of maternity grant each claimant 
was entitled to. There were three different types of packs; one with products for both mother and child, one with 
only child care items (such as a ‘navel girdle’ and swaddling clothes), and one with only products for the mother 
(such as sheeting, towels and sewing materials). 
Entitlement to the maternity grant was extended to all mothers in 1949 irrespective of their financial status
the only exception being mothers in institutions or prisons who were not entitled until 1977. 
The clothes were initially all made of traditional fabrics, with the more frills the better, and underpants and 
romper suits were added to in the 1950s when they became part of contemporary babywear. Novelties in the 
1960s included a bonnet, a sleeping bag and disposable nappies, and in the 70s traditional fabrics were 
replaced by colourful stretchterry romper suits and clothes. Up until this time garments had been made of white 
or unbleached cotton, which mothers would decorate and embroider themselves. The pack was completed in the 
1980s with several new items such as socks, a thermal blanket with a zip, and a sleeping bag/pram suit. Until 
this time the emphasis had been on the high quality of the clothes, but now more attention was paid to the 
overall colour scheme as well. The last ten years have seen plenty of new additions in keeping with current 
fashions, and cotton sweatshirts, daysuits, reusable nappies, bodies, tights and quilted suits are all now included. 
In addition to clothes, the pack has always contained other child care items too. The thing that people tend to 
remember best is an enamel basin that was used for washing the baby or the baby’s clothes – or both – before 
bathrooms and washing machines became common. The basin dropped out of the pack in the 1970s. Fathers 
have been taken more and more into account in the selection of the contents, as well as in the enclosed 
information leaflets, and there have been plans to change the term “maternity pack”. The pack handbook that 


used to be called “To Mother” had its name changed to “We’re Having a Baby” in the 1980s for the same reason. 
In the 1980s, when the pack was under the jurisdiction of the former National Board of Social Welfare, 
attention began to be paid not only to the overall quality of the pack but al
so to the promotion of the child’s 
mental development. “Our Baby’s Book” had to be specifically made for the maternity pack because this kind of 
picture book had yet to become commercially available. The pack was also completed with a toy for a newborn: 
a rattle made of yellow fabric with a smiling face on one side and a grumpy face on the other. Both the book and 
the rattle have become hits with the babies. 
The maternity pack has marked a turning point in Finnish society. A precondition for receiving the pack is that 
the mother should visit a prenatal clinic before the fourth month of pregnancy, so practically all pregnant women 
register with the health care services. Maternal and infant mortality rates have decreased in Finland since the 
1950s so dramatically that the country has long been among the top three countries in the world. This might not 
have been possible without the attraction of the maternity pack. 
Sirpa Taskinen 
– Emerita development manager, Stakes, PhD. 

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