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Surface w ater and ground w ater resources
213. 
The Zarafshan river is the main waterway. The provincial territory has some water 
reservoirs and lakes. The largest lake is the Aydarkul. Reservoirs and lakes have more than 
30 kinds of fishes, and 
8
kinds of them are commercial. Mountain and foothill districts of the 
province include about 60 springs of descending and ascending types. The most known and 
often visited of them are Nuratau, Deybalyand, Irlir, Kulkuduk, Avliyo, Jakhangir, Urta-aul, 
Kurbulok, Zim ota.
Soils
214. 
All desert areas of Kyzlylkum steppe feature automorphous and hydromorphous soils 
with certain development of vegetation. Automorphous soils occupying a large area were 
formed under the impact of an extreme desert climate, with biological and organic factors. 
These soils are divided into desert grey-brown, sandy, sandy loam, and takyr and saline soils. 
Grey-brown desert soil is mainly developed from gypsum gravel-sand, gravel-sand rocks of 
alluvial and proluvial sediments forming plateaus and high foothill plains. Desert sandy and 
sandy loam soils occupy the periphery of the ancient delta of the Zarafshan river and foothill 
plains.
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215. 
In certain places, the soils are saline due to surface moistening, or in other cases due 
to ground moistening, and intensive evaporation. Takyr soils are divided into takyr-type soils, 
takyr and takyr salt marsh. Of these, the first is widespread, while the other two are developed 
around salt marshes. Takyr-type soils are developed on the relatively lower parts of the 
ancient delta of the Zarafshan river and dry stream bed of Daryaliksay. The surface of takyr 
soils is usually of light grey colour and covered with a grid of fine fractures.
Biodiversity, ecological and cultural heritage
216. 
A total of 34 species of plants listed in the Red Data Book grow in Navoi province: 
astragalus silver-colored, Seseli turbinatum, mixed onion, Silene tomentella, Jurinea, 
LagochHus inebrians, Lappula nuratavica and others. There are 55 kinds of animals inscribed 
in the Red Data Book, and seven of them are endemic, such as the Tugay Undewing Moth, 
Kozhevnikov’s Flowerfly, Aral White-eyed Breem, Turkestan Barbel, Aral Goldside Loach, 
Sleek Gecko and others. The main protected natural areas and IBA zones is presented in 
the table below:
Table 18: Main P rotected Natural A reas and IBA Z on es in N A voi P rovince