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punished, and what measures can be taken to tackle this problem?
 
 
 

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 IELTS
 JOURNAL 
 
23 
Causes of crime and re-offending: 
The main causes of crime are poverty, unemployment and lack of 
education.
People who commit crimes often have no other way of making a 
living.
The prison system can make the situation worse.
Offenders mix with other criminals who can be a negative influence.
A criminal record makes finding a job more difficult.
Many prisoners re-offend when they are released.
 
Possible measures to reduce crime and re-offending: 
Prisons should provide education or vocational training.
Rehabilitation programmes prepare prisoners for release into society.
Community service is another way to reform offenders.
It makes offenders useful in their local communities.
They might be required to talk to school groups or clean public areas
 
Offenders also need help when looking for accommodation and work.
 
Exercise: Read the problem and solution (cause & effect) topic below, and 
develop your own ideas. 
Children’s behaviour in schools is getting worse than before.
Explain the causes and effects of this problem, and suggest some 
possible solutions.
Exercise: Read the problem and solution (cause & effect) topic below, and 
develop your own ideas. 
Despite improvements in vehicle technology, there are still large 
numbers of road accidents. 
 Explain some of the causes of these accidents, and suggest some 
measures that could be taken to address the problem.