‘This is a wonderful book that should be on the desk of every architect and planner. It shows how

Expropriation
is where resources are extracted from the public domain at below replacement cost 
(as in public forestry auctions that cost more to conduct than is received for the timber). It is the 
transfer of resources by stealth or the exercise of power relationships.
Extended producer responsibility
is where manufacturers are required to take back products at the end 
of their useful life for reuse or recycling, or pay others to do so. This is more efficient than encouraging 
consumers to ensure products are recycled.
Externality
is an economic concept that refers to the costs and benefits of economic activities that are 
imposed on people outside the relationship or transaction. The term implies pollution is incidental.
However, externalities are intrinsic to the design of the economic system.
Free-riders
are those who benefit from others’ investments, developments or products without paying.
Good environmental design benefits ‘free-riders’ in adjacent areas (eg people whose air, water, views 
and other amenities are improved by the development at no cost to themselves).
Front-loading design
refers to putting more time and energy into original planning and design stages, 
rather than mitigating the impacts of conventional designs. Currently, environmental policies put 
resources into cleaning up problems afterwards – often at public expense.
Full cost pricing
would be where the replacement costs of resources were charged for their use. Full 
cost pricing is supposed to cover externalities, but does not include ecological waste. Although the 
taxpayer pays for everything in the end, governments prefer paying for incentives. 
Green energy
sometimes means energy purchased from providers that source their electricity from 
renewable energy. The problem is that citizens are made to ‘sign up’ and pay more for clean energy 
than for ‘dirty’ energy, which runs counter to full cost pricing. 
Green Optimum
is the converse of the Pareto Optimum. The latter holds that a decision is good if it 
makes someone better off without making others worse off. Thus we neglect opportunities to identify 
and invest in actions that make everyone better off.