Health ministry of republic of moldova the university of medicine and pharmacy nicolae testemiţanu

2.
 
Behavioral techniques. 
3.
 
Cognitive-behavioral therapy. 
4.
 
Client-centered therapy. 
5.
 
Family and group therapy. 
6. The pedagogical psychotherapy used by doctors. 
 
Key terms:
 
psychotherapy; psychoanalysis; behavioral techniques; 
cognitive-behavioral therapy; treatment techniques; client-centered the-
rapy; family and group therapy, pedagogical psychotherapy; psychothe-
rapeutic treatment. 
 
1.
 
Psychoanalysis
Psychotherapy
implies the treatment of mental or emotional disor-
ders and adjustment of problems through the use of psychological tech-
niques rather than through physical or biological means.
Psychoanalysis
, the first modern form of psychotherapy, was cal-
led the “talking cure,” and the many varieties of therapy practiced today 
are still characterized by their common dependence on a verbal ex-chan-
ge between the counselor or therapist and the person seeking help.
Twentieth-century views on personality have been heavily influen-
ced by the psychodynamic approach of Sigmund Freud who proposed a 
three-part personality structure consisting of the 
id
 
(concerned with the 
gratification of basic instincts), the 
ego
 
(which mediates between the 
demands of the id and the constraints of society), and the 
super-ego
 
(through which parental and social values are internalized). In contrast 
to type or trait theories of personality, the dynamic model proposed by 
Freud involved an ongoing element of conflict, and it was these conflicts 
that Freud saw as the primary determinant of personality. His psychoa-
nalytic method was designed to help patients resolve their conflicts by 

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exploring 
unconscious
 
thoughts, motivations, and conflicts through the 
use of
 free association 
and other techniques. 
The therapeutic interaction is characterized by mutual trust, with the 
goal of helping individuals change destructive or unhealthy behaviors, 
thoughts, and emotions. It is common for experienced therapists to com-
bine several different approaches or techniques. Freudian psychoanalysis 
places emphasis on uncovering unconscious
 
motivations and breaking 
down defenses. Therapy sessions may be scheduled once or even twice a 
week for a year or more. 
This type of therapy is appropriate when internal 
conflicts contribute significantly to a person’s problems.