Austrian Research and Technology Report 2020

Total
in €
61,086,631
7,613,503
2,722,611
791,841
38,000
8,376
- 
5,887,618
9,328,901
1,056,262
72,000 
196,890 33,370,629
in %
100.0
12.5
4.5
1.3
0.1
0.0
- 
9.6
15.3
1.7
0.1
0.3
54.6
Date: April 2020.
Source:
Statistics Austria (Austrian statistical office). 
1) Data as per: 17 March 2020.
2) i.e. excluding institutional funding where funding amounts exceed €500,000

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232
Austrian Research and Technology Report 2020
Table 9-9: An international comparison of research and experimental development (R&D) in 2017
Country
Gross
domestic
expenditure
on R&D
in %
of GDP
Funding of
gross domestic expenditure
for R&D by
Employees
in R&D
in full-time
equivalents
Gross expenditure on R&D by the
Government
Business
Business 
enterprise sector
Higher education 
sector
Government 
sector
Private
non-profit
sector
in %
in % of gross domestic expenditure on R&D
Belgium
2.66
20.0
63.5
82,686
70.2
19.8
9.4
0.6
Denmark 
p)
3.05
27.2
d)
58.5
63,243
64.7
32.1
3.0
0.3
Germany
3.07
27.7
d)
66.2
d)
686,349
69.1
17.4
13.5
d)
.
Finland
2.73
29.0
58.0
48,999
65.3
25.4
8.5
0.8
France 
p)
2.21
32.4
56.1
441,509
65.3
20.7
12.5
1.6
Greece
1.13
37.6
44.8
47,585
d)
48.8
28.3
22.1
0.8
Ireland 
e)4)
1.17
25.8
49.0
34,374
72.2
23.6
4.2
.
Italy
1.37
32.3
53.7
317,628
d)
62.4
23.6
e)
12.4
1.7
Luxembourg
1.27
43.1
49.6
5,545
55.8
20.4
23.9
d)
.
The Netherlands
1.98
31.4
51.6
135,626
58.1
30.8
11.1
d)
.
Austria 
5)
3.05
27.6
54.7
76,010
69.9
22.4
7.1
0.5
Portugal
1.32
41.0
46.5
54,995
50.4
42.5
5.5
1.6
Sweden 
v)
3.37
25.0
60.8
88,928
71.3
24.9
3.6
0.1
Spain
1.21
38.9
47.8
215,744
d)
55.0
27.1
17.7
0.2
United Kingdom
1.65
26.3
e)4)
51.8
e)4)
424,510
p)
67.6
p)
23.7
p)
6.5
p)
2.2
p)
EU-15 
e)
2.13
29.3
58.3
2,725,370
66.1
21.9
11.1
0.9
Estonia
1.28
40.2
43.6
6,048
47.2
39.6
11.8
1.4
Latvia
0.51
43.6
24.1
5,378
d)
27.2
46.7
26.1
.
Lithuania
0.90
36.4
35.4
11,577
36.8
35.3
27.9
.
Poland
1.03
38.3
52.5
144,103
d)
64.5
32.9
2.3
0.3
Slovakia
0.89
35.5
49.0
19,011
54.1
24.7
20.8
0.4
Slovenia
1.87
22.9
63.1
14,713
74.8
11.2
13.8
0.2
Czechia
1.79
34.6
39.3
69,736
62.9
19.6
17.2
0.3
Hungary
1.33
31.9
52.7
40,432
73.1
d)
13.3
d)
12.6
d)
.
Romania
0.50
35.9
54.4
32,586
56.7
10.6
32.4
0.3
EU-28 
e)
1.98
29.7
57.6
3,107,095
65.8
22.1
11.2
0.9
Australia
1.79
34.6
1)
61.9
1)
147,809
e)2)
52.7
e)
34.0
e)
10.1
e)
3.2
e)
Chile 
p)
0.36
47.0
31.4
16,620
d)
34.2
45.8
13.1
6.8
Iceland
2.10
34.5
36.4
3,172
64.3
d)
31.5
4.2
.
Israel 
d)e)
4.82
10.6
35.8
77,143
3)
87.8
9.8
1.5
0.9
Japan
3.21
15.0
e)
78.3
890,749
d)
78.8
12.0
7.8
1.4
Canada
1.67
32.5
e)
42.7
223,146
4)
52.3
40.1
7.1
0.5
Korea
4.29
21.6
76.2
471,201
79.4
8.5
10.7
1.4
Mexico
0.33
76.8
e)
19.0
e)
65,824
4)
22.5
e)
50.3
e)
26.2
e)
1.1
e)
New Zeeland
1.37
35.8
46.4
36,000
55.2
24.7
20.1
.
Norway
2.10
46.7
42.8
46,234
52.6
33.7
13.7
.
Switzerland
3.37
25.9
67.0
81,751
69.4
27.6
0.8
d)
2.2
Turkey
0.96
33.6
49.4
153,552
56.9
33.5
9.6
d)
.
United States 
d)p)
2.81
23.1
62.5
.
72.9
13.0
9.9
4.3
e)
OECD total 
e)
2.37
25.1
62.3
.
70.4
17.3
9.9
2.4
People’s Republic of China
2.15
19.8
76.5
4,033,597
77.6
7.2
15.2
.
Source:
OECD (MSTI 2019-2), Statistics Austria (Austrian statistical office).
d) Different definition. – e) Estimated values. – p) Preliminary values.
1) 2008. – 2) 2010. – 3) 2012. – 4) 2016. – 5) Statistics Austria; results of the survey on research and experimental development 2017.
Full-time equivalent = person-year.

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Document Outline

• Austrian Research and Technology Report 2020
  • Preface
  • Table of Contents
  • Executive Summary
  • 1. Current Trends
    • 1.1 Funding and R&D performance in Austria
    • 1.2 Austria’s position in international comparisons 
      • 1.2.1 Development of Austria’s position in terms of the key performance RTI indicators
      • 1.2.2 Development of Austria’s position in terms of digitalisation
      • 1.2.3 Austria’s innovation capability and competitiveness
      • 1.2.4 Summary
    • 1.3 Austria and the EU Research, Technology and Innovation Policy
      • 1.3.1 Austria’s performance in Horizon 2020
      • 1.3.2 The new Framework Programme
      • 1.3.3 Summary
    • 1.4 Strategic measures, initiatives and further developments
      • 1.4.1 Review process for the Research Funding Act
      • 1.4.2 The RTI strategy and other strategic initiatives
      • 1.4.3 Current developments in the higher education sector
    • 1.5 Structures and developments in selected institutions
      • 1.5.1 Austrian Cooperative Research (ACR)
      • 1.5.2 The Geological Survey of Austria and the Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics
  • 2. Key Players in Research Funding and in Non-university Research 
    • 2.1 Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT)
      • 2.1.1 Profile and key figures 
      • 2.1.2 Indicators for 2018 and 2019 
      • 2.1.3 Special events in 2019 and outlook
    • 2.2 Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria)
      • 2.2.1 Profile and key figures 
      • 2.2.2 Indicators for 2018 and 2019 
      • 2.2.3 Special events in 2019 and outlook
    • 2.3 Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW)
      • 2.3.1 Profile and key figures 
      • 2.3.2 Indicators for 2018 and 2019116116 In contrast to the “central figures”, all indicators in section 2.3.2 refer only to the research performing organisation, in other words excluding the learned society, grants and contracting area.
      • 2.3.3 Special events in 2019 and outlook
    • 2.4 Silicon Austria Labs (SAL)
      • 2.4.1 Profile and key figures 
      • 2.4.2 Indicators for 2019
      • 2.4.3 Special events in 2019 and outlook
    • 2.5 Austria Wirtschaftsservice (aws)118118 Performance figures for 2019 are provisional, pending submission of the performance report to the Supervisory Board of the Austria Wirtschaftsservice (aws) (26 March 2020). 
      • 2.5.1 Profile and key figures 
      • 2.5.2 Indicators for 2018 and 2019 
      • 2.5.3 New initiatives and instruments 2019 and outlook
    • 2.6 Christian Doppler Research Association (CDG)121121 The deadline for report submission by funding recipients for the year 2019 is 31 January 2020. As a result, up-to-date statistical data and accounting data for 2019 are currently not available in full (i.e. January 2020). The listed budgetary data for 2019 therefore correspond to the maximum available budgetary framework and not the accounting data. Figures for the year 2019 that have been approved and released by the CDG general meeting will be available after holding of the general meeting in October 2020. 
      • 2.6.1 Profile and key figures 
      • 2.6.2 Indicators for 2018 and 2019 
      • 2.6.3 New initiatives and instruments 2019 and outlook
    • 2.7 Austrian Science Fund (FWF)
      • 2.7.1 Profile and key figures 
      • 2.7.2 Indicators for 2018 and 2019 
      • 2.7.3 New initiatives and instruments 2019 and outlook
    • 2.8. Austrian Agency for International Cooperation in Education and Research (OeAD-GmbH)
      • 2.8.1 Profile and key figures 
      • 2.8.2 Indicators for 2018 and 2019 
      • 2.8.3 New initiatives and instruments 2019 and outlook
    • 2.9 Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG)
      • 2.9.1 Profile and key figures 
      • 2.9.2 Indicators for 2018 and 2019 
      • 2.9.3 New initiatives and instruments 2019 and outlook
    • 2.10 Ludwig Boltzmann Gesellschaft (LBG)
      • 2.10.1 Profile and key figures 
      • 2.10.2 Indicators for 2018 and 2019
      • 2.10.3 Outlook
    • Definitions
  • 3. Artificial Intelligence (AI)
    • 3.1 Context
    • 3.2 AI in schools and higher education
    • 3.3 Achievements in AI research at universities and research institutions
    • 3.4 AI at companies
    • 3.5 AI as a topic in applied research funding
    • 3.6 An international comparison of AI
    • 3.7 AI in public administration
    • 3.8 Ethics and AI
    • 3.9 Summary
  • 4. RTI Evaluation Culture and Practice
    • 4.1 Current trends 
    • 4.2 Selected evaluations
      • 4.2.1 Accompanying evaluation of the pilot call for proposals for Ideas Lab 4.0
      • 4.2.2 Evaluation of OSTA Washington and Beijing
      • 4.2.3 Impact monitoring of Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG) funding in companies and research institutions
      • 4.2.4 Evaluation of endowed professorships
      • 4.2.5 Evaluation of the Space Strategy 2012–2020 and of the Austrian Space Applications Programme
      • 4.2.6 Evaluation of the Austrian Climate Research Programme (ACRP)
      • 4.2.7 Evaluation of the Institute for Advanced Studies (IHS)
      • 4.2.8 Evaluation of the Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria) 
  • 5. List of Figures and Tables
    • 5.1 List of Figures 
    • 5.2 List of Tables
  • 6. Literature
  • 7. Annex I
    • 7.1 Country codes
    • 7.2 List of Abbreviations
    • 7.3 Overview of Open Innovation measures and examples of their implementation initiatives
  • 8. Annex II
    • Federal research funding and research contracts according to the federal research database
  • 9. Statistics
    • 9.1 Funding of gross domestic expenditure on R&D (Tables 9-1 and 9-2)223223 Each year, Statistics Austria creates a “Global estimate of the gross domestic expenditure for R&D in Austria” based on the results of the R&D statistical surveys and other currently available documents and information, in particular the R&D-related budget appropriations and outlays of the federal and regional governments. As they compile this annual global estimate, retroactive revisions or updates are made to reflect the latest data. The funding for expenditure on research and experimental development carried out in Austria is presented in accordance with the definitions of the Frascati Manual, which is valid around the world (OECD, EU) and thus ensures international comparability. According to these definitions and guidelines, foreign funding of R&D performed in Austria is included, but Austrian payments for R&D performed abroad are excluded (domestic concept).
    • 9.2 Federal R&D expenditure in 2020
    • 9.3 R&D expenditure of the regional governments
    • 9.4 An international comparison of R&D in 2017 
    • List of Tables in the Statistical Annex