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Validity
: When is an interpretation correct?
 
If speakers treat constructions as different, we can have 
confidence in doing so ourselves. 
Discuss analysis with others 
Do they read it in the same way as you? The text itself allows 
readers to judge. 
Reliability 
: Will you get the same interpretation again?
Rhetoric devices have specific and identifiable features that 
you andothers can refer to for consistency 
 
 
Stylistic devices
are used in speech with the same aim of intensifying the 
emotional or logical emphasis that the information transferred should 
convey. Stylistic devices are represented by two categories: 
I.
"figures of thought"
de-viate from common usage mainly in the meaning of words, i.e. when 
a word (or a combination of words) is used to denote an object that is not 
usually correlated with this word; this double meaning creates what is 
called an image;
II.
"figures of speech"
(rhetorical figures, or schemes), whose stylistic 
effect is achieved by means of an unusual arrangement of linguistic units, 
unusual construction or extension of an utterance, etc.; in other words 
which deviate from normal language mainly in terms of syntax. This 
arbitrary division of stylistic means into expressive means and stylistic 
devices does not necessarily mean that these groups cannot overlap. On 
the contrary, the striking effect of many a stylistic device is based on the 
logical or emotional emphasis contained in the corresponding expressive 
means and vice versa: a formerly genuine stylistic device can become an 
expressive means (idioms at large). 
 
.
In literature and writing, a figure of speech (also called stylistic 
device or rhetorical device) is the use of any of a variety of techniques to 
give an auxiliary meaning, idea, or feeling. 
Sometimes a word diverges from its normal meaning, or a phrase 
has a specialized meaning not based on the literal meaning of the words in 

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it. Examples are metaphor, simile, or personification. 
Stylistic devices often provide emphasis, freshness of expression, or 
clarity. Here is a list of some of the most important figures of speech: