International Conference on Science Technology and Educational Practices

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STEP-2021
3
rd
International Conference on Science Technology and Educational Practices 
Hosted from Portugal 
online-conferences.com
May 30
th 
2021
74 
THE MEANING AND SEMANTIC ASPECTS IN THE SOCIETY OF RUSSIAN AND 
UZBEK PROVERBS AND SAYINGS 
Asila Khudoiberdieva Khomidovna 
Shakhrisabz branch of TSPU named afterNizami 
Annotation: The purpose of this article is to reveal the peculiarities of using the quotes and slogans, as they 
reflect the way of life of the people, are a bright and expressive source. The use of phrases and phrases makes 
this speech expressive and colorful. 
Key words: phrase, phrase, language, society, foreign languages, aspects of language, semantic shades, 
identity. 
Sayings and sayings are common and viable genres of traditional folk creations. They have a very close, 
inaccurate connection with the language, being common speech expressions used in oral and written speech. 
Sayings and sayings are one of the most ancient genres of folklore, they express the people's mind and 
experience accumulated over many centuries. By these apt expressions one can judge the values of the 
people. The slogans were not recorded anywhere, but passed from mouth to mouth, therefore their main 
feature is laconicism and accuracy. In ancient times, in schools, children learned to write with a stick on 
damp clay tablets. Short formulas of popular wisdom - phrases. Almost every nation has them. So from 
generation to generation useful life experience was passed on. For example, the phrase "If you like to ride - 
love and sleigh to carry" explains that a person's life cannot consist only of pleasures and fun - every easy 
moment of play, joy, enjoyment is preceded by a great and hard work. The phrase "The word is not a sparrow, 
it will fly out - you cannot understand" says that we need to be attentive to what we say to other people, first 
think about what we need to say, and only then say nothing about it. the spoken phrase, which could offend 
another person. As you can see, most of the quotes have direct and transferable meaning. 
The topics of the quotes are very diverse. Each people composed words in their native language. Quite 
often, phrases written in different languages express the same idea, although they sound differently. 
If you translate phrases and passages from one language into another language, even a very close one, the 
phrases are not translated completely. This is because in each language whole stable expressions have been 
formed, which are absent in another language. The so-called winged words and expressions are close to the 
phrases - short phrases from the works of writers, philosophers, as well as from myths, films, and other 
works of art. From the statement, it is necessary to distinguish the statement, which, when, perhaps, was part 
of the statement, and then began to exist independently. For example, the phrase "A word is not a sparrow" 
when it was part of the phrase "A word is not a sparrow, if it flies out, you cannot understand it"; The "Fly in 
the ointment in a barrel of honey" recipe was formed from the "A fly in the ointment will spoil the barrel of 
honey" section. As you can see, the phrase contains a complete judgment, it contains an instructive 
conclusion, a generalization of what has been said. 
The talk is part of the judgment, it gives a bright, apt assessment of the event or person, but does not 
contain edification, teaching. 
The great connoisseur of phraseology and talker V. Dahl wrote: "The phrase, according to the popular 
definition, is a flower, and the phrase is a berry; and this is true." We know that The phrase is a short and apt 
popular expression with an instructive meaning: "Bread is the head of everything", "You cannot easily pull a 
fish out of the pond", "Under a lying stone and water does not flow." “Suz boshi salom, ish boshi kalom”, 
“Tokka chikmasang dulana kaida”, “Yurgan daryo, yotgan buira”. 
Talking is a short and apt popular expression in which events or people are assessed without edification: 
"Silence is gold", "Chasing two hares". Each nation in terms and phrases reflects its own way of life, its views 
on the world, which can be seen in the grouping of governors by nationality. At the same time, sayings and 
sayings of different nations can shed light on a common theme. To be convinced of this, read the passages and 
sayings selected on the basis of national and thematic unity. In phrases and sayings, the popular wisdom of 
one or another people is manifested, and their knowledge contributes not only to a deeper knowledge of the 
language, but also to an understanding of the way of thinking and the nature of the people. Comparison of 

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STEP-2021
3
rd
International Conference on Science Technology and Educational Practices 
Hosted from Portugal 
online-conferences.com
May 30
th 
2021
75 
the words and sayings of the Russian and Uzbek peoples shows how many of these peoples have in common, 
which, in turn, contributes to their better understanding and rapprochement. The rich historical experience 
of peoples, ideas related to work, life and culture of people are reflected in words and phrases. Irrepeatable 
freedom and special expressiveness of speech is given by the correct and appropriate use of phrases and 
phrases. The most interesting genre of folklore studied by linguists, but in many respects remained 
incomprehensible and mysterious, is the phrase. Poslovitsa is a popular saying in which not the opinion of 
individual people is expressed, but the people's assessment, the people's mind. It reflects the spiritual image of 
the people, aspirations and ideals, judgments about the most diverse aspects of life. Everything that is not 
accepted by the majority of people, their thoughts and feelings, does not take root and is eliminated. The 
phrase lives in speech, only in it it acquires its own specific meaning. This is an expression of thoughts that 
people have come to through centuries of experience. The phrase is not always edifying, but always 
instructive. One conclusion should be drawn from each, which is useful to take into account. In terms of the 
associated image reflection of reality with the aesthetic assessment of various phenomena of life. The 
emotional charge forms the attitude to action, causing the expansion of meaning. For this reason, there are 
funny, sad, happy, bitter people among the Uzbek and Russian pilgrims. As V.I. Dahl: the phrase is “a 
collection of folk wisdom and superstition, this is moaning and sighing, crying and sobbing, joy and fun, grief 
and consolation in faces; it is the color of the people's mind, the original article; this is an everyday, folk truth, 
a law code of its own kind, not convicted by anyone ”[2, p. 110]. 
Sayings and sayings are a widespread genre of folklore. The time of the occurrence of the passages and 
passages is unknown, but one thing is inconceivable: both the passages and the passages originated in distant 
antiquity, since that time they accompany the people. 
The question of defining words and phrases has its own history. S.I. Ozhegov wrote: "Poslovitsa is a short folk 
saying with edifying content, a folk aphorism" [6, p. 568]. S.I. Ozhegov noted "a saying is a short, stable 
expression, predominantly descriptive, not constituting, in contrast to a phrase, a complete statement" [6, p. 
530]. 
A.N. Afanasyev wrote that “the words by their very form are not susceptible to distortion and therefore are a 
monument to long-established beliefs. Poles are the main source of the wisdom of the ancestors, keepers of 
memory and a tool for the transfer of human experience ”[1, p.15] 
S.G. Lazutin thinks: "A postcard is a short, often rhythmic dictum, which is a complete sentence and 
expresses a definite conclusion" [5, p. 57]. “Speech is a widespread common expression that aptly defines any 
vital phenomenon. In contrast to the passages, to which they are close in their form, the passages are devoid 
of direct instructive meaning and are limited to an figurative, often allegorical definition of some phenomena 
”[5, p. 57]. 
As one of the genres of folklore, the shepherd possesses all its basic features, which, however, are 
manifested in it in a special way. In terms of words, the collective nature of creativity is more pronounced, 
they are more widely used in speech. 
The passages are closely adjacent to the passages. As well as the phrases, the phrases refer to small genres 
of folklore. In most cases, they are even more concise than the phrases. Similarly, the talk is not specially 
performed, but is used in live speech in accordance with the situation. Speeches differ significantly from the 
phrases and by the nature of the content, and by the form, and by the functions performed in speech. 
Generalizations and conclusions on the most diverse life phenomena are expressed in the following words: 
"Learning is light, and ignorance is darkness", "Truth is the eye of the eye", "As gasps and auknitsa." "Surab 
urgangan olim, suramagan uziga zolim", "T
ў
gri gap tuganingga yo
қ
mas", 
Quotes always have complete sentences by form. The word sentences, as a rule, are two-part or, in other 
words, two-part ("The planter is amused, not the top", "The peacock is red with a feather, but the man is 
learning"). By its structure, the talk is simpler than the phrase. In this regard, M.A. Rybnikova wrote: 
“Poslovitsa is a verbal body; A talk is a "blank" of expressive speech ... A talk gives an image; in a roundabout 
way in a portable form characterizes the phenomenon ... ”[9, p. 519]. The phrases in their content have a 
general and universal character, and the phrases are used only in connection with certain persons and their 
actions, they have a completely specific content. The difference between the quotes and the quotes is well seen 
The deep content of words and talk not only develops the thinking of students, but also provides an 
educational impact. The methodological and practical value of the use of phrases and phrases in the process 
of teaching the Russian language is very great, ”so wrote about the influences of phrases and phrases to 

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STEP-2021
3
rd
International Conference on Science Technology and Educational Practices 
Hosted from Portugal 
online-conferences.com
May 30
th 
2021
76 
teaching the Russian language O. I. Paley. [7, p. 40-42]. One of the actual areas of activity of a teacher of a 
foreign language at a university is linguistic study and the involvement of linguistic and cultural knowledge 
in the teaching process to increase the interest of students. 
Acquaintance of schoolchildren with the words of the studied language is an effective principle of work on 
the development of speech skills and abilities of the language they are studying. The passwords allow students 
to get in touch with the culture of the country of the language being studied. 
They convince students that different peoples have the same thoughts and aspirations, serve their moral 
upbringing. The sign with the letters causes positive emotions in schoolchildren, which significantly affects 
the motivation of the use of a foreign language as a means of intercultural communication. The wide variety 
of keywords provides the ability to use them in work with students of any age and any level of development. 
The deep content of these short statements not only develops the students' thinking, but also has a great 
educational value. For example, in the process of teaching the Uzbek language, phrases and phrases act as 
expressive means contributing to the development of linguistic instinct. At different stages of study at school, 
the words and phrases help to solve various problems. There are three aspects of language: phonetic, 
grammatical and lexical. From the very first lessons, the formation of pronunciation skills, the processing of 
phonetic material begins. 
Oyda ham dog 'bor. Even the moon has spots. 
It hurar, karvon o´tar. - The dog barks, the caravan moves on. 
Toqatni tagi rohat. Happiness lies beneath patience. 
1. Work awakens appetite, the lazy one runs away from work (in the Uzbek version it is rhymed and sounds 
more interesting. In addition, there are sounds with another sound - kim kanaka islhasa shuni eidi - who eats 
how to work) 
Ish ishtaha ochar, dangasa ishdan qochar. 
2. The mind is not in age, but in the head (yosh - age and bosh - the head rhymes) 
Aql yoshda emas, boshda. 
3. There will be a healthy head skullcap (meaning if the person is alive and well, the means of subsistence can 
be found) 
Bosh omon bo'lsa, do'ppi 
4. This is more complicated - the bear eats the separated, and the wolf is divided. The meaning is that there is 
no need to separate, you need to be together, otherwise there will be a lot of problems 
Ayrilganni ayiq yer, bo'linganni - bo'ri. 
5. A good knuckle of one whip is strong enough, bad and thousands are small (in relation to people who do 
not understand once, or who it is useless to make suggestions) 
Yaxshi otga bir qamchi, yomon otga ming qamchi. 
6.the eyes of the cowardly hands of the hero (analogue of the eyes are afraid of the hands do) 
Ko'z qo'rqoq, qo'l botir. 
7. The said word is a shot made (in the sense that it can injure and cannot be returned back) 
Aytilgan so'z - otilgan o'q. 
8. Measure seven times once cut 
Yetti o'lchab, bir kes. 
9. Happiness lies under work 
Mehnatning tagi 
10. Patience lies with yellow gold 
Sabr tagi sariq oltin. 
Sayings and sayings are the soul of the people. And the Uzbek people have such a multitude of wise 
sayings! There are a lot of them in Russian. 
Don't watch the storks fly away, watch them return. 
Those who do not come themselves, do not go after them. 
Friends who make mutual settlements are inseparable. 
Instruct him to bring a turban, he will bring it along with the head. 
Many words are a burden for the donkey. 
How many words "halva", the mouth is sweeter will not. 

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STEP-2021
3
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International Conference on Science Technology and Educational Practices 
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th 
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A phrase-apt figurative saying, usually rhythmic in form, generalizing, typing various phenomena of life 
and having an edifying meaning. 
References 
1.
Afanasyev A. N. the incident of the myth / A. N. Afanasyev. - M.: Higher School, 1996. - 150 P. 
2.
Dal V. I. Explanatory dictionary of the living Great Russian language / V. I. Dal. - T 1-4. - M., 1863-
66. - 110. 
3.
Dal V. I. Proverbs of the Russian people / V. I. Dal. - M.: Eksmo Publishing House, NNN Publishing 
House. - 2003. - 616 p. 
4.
Kravtsov N. I. Russian oral folk art / N. I. Kravtsov, S. G. Lazutin. - M., 1983. - 200 p. 
5.
Lazutin S. G. Russian folk lyrical songs, chastushki i proverbovitsy / S. G. Lazutin. - M.: Vysshaya 
shkola, 1990. - 250 p. 
6.
Ozhegov S. I. Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language: 80 000 words and phraseological 
expressions / S. I. Ozhegov, N. Yu. Shvedova. - Moscow: Azbukovnik, 1999. - 944 P. 
7.
Rybnikova M. A. Russian gazebo / M. A. Rybnikova / / Russian oral folk art. Chrestomatiya po 
folkloristike: Ed. Yu. G. Kruglova-M.: Vysshaya shkola, 2003. - 159-166.