Yusupov Oybek Nematjonovich Ahmedova Nigora Shavkatovna

Questions for discussion?
1. What is phonetic expressive means? 
2. How is achieved aesthetic effect? 
3. What is euphony? 
4. How can author increase an emotional effect of his book? 
 
CONTENTS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

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38 
 
 
 
2. Onomatopoeia 
Onomatopoeia is a combination of speech sounds which aims at imitating 
sounds produced in nature (wind, sea, thunder, etc. – splash, bubble, rustle, whistle) 
by things (machines or tools, etc. - buzz) by people (singing, laughter, yawning, roar, 
giggle) and animals (moo, bleat, croak - frog). Therefore the relation between 
onomatopoeia and the phenomenon it is supposed to represent is one of metonymy: 
that is it can be used in transferred meaning – tintinnabulation-the sound of bells. 
There are two varieties of onomatopoeia: direct and indirect [67:54].
Direct onomatopoeia is contained in words that imitate natural sounds, as thud, 
bowwow, ding-dong, buzz, bang, ‘cuckoo. These words have different degrees of 
‘imitative quality. Some of them immediately bring to mind whatever it is that 
produces the sound. Others require some imagination to decipher it. e.g. And now 
there came the chop-chop of wooden hammers. 
Indirect onomatopoeia is a combination of sounds the aim of which is to make 
the sound of the utterance an echo of its sense. It is sometimes called “echo writing”. 
Indirect onomatopoeia demands some mention of what makes the sound, as rustling 
of curtains in the following line.
And the silken, sad, uncertain rustling of each purple curtain
. An example is: 
And the silken, sad, uncertain rustling of each purple curtain
» (E.A. Poe), where the 
repetition of the sound [s] actually produces the sound of the rustling of the curtain. 
Indirect onomatopoeia is sometimes effectively used by repeating words which 
themselves are not onomatopoetic but they contribute to the general impact of the 
utterance: in the poem 
Boots
by R. Kipling soldiers’ tread is shown -
We are foot-slog-slog-slog-sloggin’ over Africa –
Foot-foot-foot-foot – sloggin’ over Africa. 

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39 
(Boots – boots – boots – boots – moovi’ up and down again!) 
Onomatopoeia helps to create the vivid portrayal of the situation described, and 
the phonemic structure of the word is important for the creation of expressive and 
emotive connotations.