Microsoft Word Theoretical Course of English Grammar

Nino Kirvalidze
68
7.
Intonation. In oral speech intonation with its accent-patterns presents itself as a uni-
versal means of expressing the actual division in all types of contexts, accompanying 
all the other means of marking the centre of a communication. Cf.: “I have bought 
a
'
dress for Mother” (the rheme is 
a dress
, being marked by a logical stress), and “
' 
I
 
have 
bought a dress for Mother” (in which the rheme is represented by the subject “I”, marked 
by the stress).
Study Questions: 
1.
What is syntax? What does it study? 
2.
How is a sentence defined in written and spoken languages? 
3.
What is the essence of sentence as a lingual sign? 
4.
Describe a syntactic structure of a simple sentence. 
5.
Characterize the primary parts of the sentence. 
6.
How is the predicate presented in the sentence? 
7.
How is the subject presented in the sentence? 
8.
Give a general characterization of the secondary parts of the sentence. 
9.
Characterize the object. 
10.
Characterize the attribute. 
11.
Characterize the adverbials. Comment on the difference between them and the objects of 
the sentence.
12.
Define the essence of a word-group. 
13.
Characterize syntactic connections (i.e. bonds) between words and syntactic types of 
word-groups: 
a.
subordinate word-groups; 
b.
coordinate word-groups; 
c.
predicative word-group. 

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Theoretical Course of English Grammar 
Script by prof. 
Nino Kirvalidze
69
14.
What is the purpose of 
Functional Sentence Perspective
(i.e. actual division of a sen-
tence)? 
15.
What is essence of 
Functional Sentence Perspective
? Define the notions of 
the theme
, 
the 
rheme
and 
the transition
. 
16.
Explain the informative dynamism of a sentence. 
17.
Characterize the relationship between the communicative(actual) and the syntactic 
divisions of the sentence. 
18.
Comment on the sentences which convey only new information. 
19.
Discuss the linguistic means of expressing the centre of communication (i.e. the rheme) in 
English (7 of them).