7
2.3
.
In the 10
th
century with the introduction of Islam in Central Asia, Arabic alphabet was used
to represent the regional literal language. That alphabet got its name – Chagatai, based on
almost entire Central Asian region called– Chagatai Khanate. Chagatai alphabet was used till
the early 20
th
century. It was officially called “Old Uzbek” alphabet in 1924 and there was an
attempt to reform it by adapting letters that will represent Uzbek sounds.
It constitutes of
consonants and long vowels, has 33 letters and is written from right to left:
2.4.
For 1200 years Arabic script was used on the territory of modern Uzbekistan. But starting in
the twentieth century, the Uzbek nation experienced several changes of its alphabet. From
1900-1929 the Arabic script was reformed to reflect specific sounds of the Uzbek language.
In 1927, as a part of literacy programs to educate and politically influence people of Central
Asia, Chagatai alphabet was replaced by Latin alphabet (called Yanalif). The first people to
experience that were Uzbek people, who for the first time had their own cartographically
defined region and alphabet.
In 1940, for political and economical reasons Uzbek Latin script was officially changed to Cyrillic
script under Joseph Stalin. Only in 1946 did Cyrillic totally replace Latin. Cyrillic alphabet has 35
letters: 24 consonants and 11 vowels.
8
2.5.
Latin alphabet was re-introduced with some modifications again in 1992
as a part of
political movement of independence. Uzbeks continue to use Cyrillic scripts almost everywhere
despite the fact that the official script is Latin. The deadline in Uzbekistan for making that
transition was repeatedly changed. There are 28 letters and 1 apostrophe in the modern Uzbek
alphabet. There are 6 vowels and 22 consonants. Some of the Uzbek
letters represent more
than one sound. Be aware that some letters of Uzbek alphabet do not represent the same
sounds as those of the English alphabet.
Letter
Name of
letter
Sound
Letter
Name of
letter
Sound
Aa
a
a or
ӕ
like
in
rat
Qq
qe
Q
Bb
be
b
Rr
er
thrilled r
Dd
de
d
Ss
es
S
Ee
e
e like in
met
Tt
te
T
Ff
ef
f
Uu
u
u like in
look
Gg
ge
g
Vv
ve
v or w
Hh
he
h like in
hill
Xx
xe
h like in
hot
9
Ii
i
i like in
pin
Yy
ye
j like in yes
Jj
je
j like in jam
Zz
ze
Z
Kk
ke
k
O‘ o‘
o‘
between
o
and
u
Ll
el
l
G‘g‘
g‘e
voiced version of
h or ɣ
Mm
em
m
Sh sh
she
ʃ
Nn
en
n
Ch ch
che
tʃ
Oo
o
o like in
top
Ng ng
nge
Ŋ
Pp
pe
p
‘
apostrophe
Ø
Listen to the pronunciation of Uzbek alphabet
Alifbo :
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J6X2k0jFl14&feature=plcp
Ø
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