Microsoft Word metod t10. doc

 
Methods of Foreign Teaching as a Science
 
The word “method” primarily means way or manner of doing something. It is a word 
of international currency, borrowed into all European languages thorough the Latin 
“Methodus” from the Greek “Methodos”. 
Methods of foreign language teaching is understood here as a body of scientifically 
tested theory concerning the teaching of foreign languages in schools and other 
educational institutions. The English word “method” is likewise used to 
designate
a 
branch of study. Methods (
Методика
) as a branch of study is the science of ways or 
manners (methods) of teaching. Methods of foreign language teaching - is the science 
of methods teaching foreign languages. It covers three (sometimes four) main 
problems:
1) Aims of teaching a foreign language = why to teach a foreign language. 
2) Content of teaching, i.e. what to teach to attain the aims. 
3) Methods and techniques of teaching, i.e. how to teach a foreign language to attain 
the aims in most effective way to meet modern requirements.
4) Whom to teach . 
We must distinguish between 
General methods
(
общая
методика
) and 
Special 
methods 
(
частная
методика
). 
By 
 General methods
we mean the methods dealing with general problems of 
foreign language teaching irrespective of the language taught (whether it is English, 
German or French). 

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By 
Special Methods
we mean Methods of Teaching of a particular foreign language, 
i.e. the teaching of a definite foreign language is treated . 
The English word “method” has, accordingly, two meanings. It expresses (1), as does 
the corresponding Russian word, a way of doing something, and (2) unlike the 
Russian word, that branch of knowledge and study which deals with ways of teaching. 
In the first meaning, besides denoting a more or less complex procedure consisting of 
a series of interconnected acts, the English word, more often than its Russian 
counterpart, is employed to designate a single teaching device, or a single form of 
procedure in teaching. (
прием
). 
In its second meaning, the English word usually specifically qualified, may denote the 
body (
совокупность
)of the ways of teaching (1)any subject instruction, (2) foreign 
language generally, (3)any particular foreign language, or (4) any particular aspect of 
instruction in a foreign language, such as speech, reading, phonetics, grammar, etc.
In pedagogical process the term “methods” (
методика
) used in three meanings .In its 
first meaning it means the subject of instruction, for example (Tomorrow we have 
methods according to the timetable), the second meaning is the sum total of all ways 
(methodological) of instruction ( I like our teacher’s methods), in the third meaning it 
means the theory of instruction and a special subject.