Published by ieltsmaterial

228 | 
P a g e
 
but also revealed patterns of intellectual strengths and weaknesses. The Wechsler tests 
now extend from the preschool through the adult age range and are at least as prominent 
as the Stanford-Binet.
D. 
As interest in the newly emerging field of psychoanalysis grew in the 1930s, two 
important projective techniques introduced systematic ways to study unconscious 
motivation: the Rorschach or Inkblot test developed by the Swiss psychiatrist Hermann 
Rorschach-using a series of inkblots on cards, and a story-telling procedure called the 
Thematic Apperception Test developed by the American psychologists Henry A. Murray 
and C. D. Morgan. Both of these tests are frequently included in contemporary 
personality assessment.
E. 
In educational settings, intelligence and achievement tests are administered routinely 
to assess individual accomplishment and to improve instruction and curriculum planning. 
Elementary schools use kindergarten and first grade screening procedures to determine 
readiness for reading and writing programs. Screening tests also identify developmental, 
visual, and auditory problems for which the child may need special assistance. If the 
child's progress in school is unusually slow, or if he or she shows signs of a learning 
disability or behavior disorder, testing may clarify whether the difficulty is neurologically 
or emotionally based. Many high schools administer interest inventories and aptitude 
tests to assist in the students' educational or vocational planning.
F. 
In clinics or hospitals, psychological tests may be administered for purposes of 
diagnosis and treatment planning. Clinical tests can provide information about overall 
personality functioning and the need for psychotherapy; testing also may focus on some 
specific question, such as the presence or absence of organically based brain disorder. 
Clinical testing usually involves a battery of tests, interpreted as a whole, to describe 
intellectual and emotional states. Decisions about treatment do not depend exclusively 
on psychological test results but are exclusively on psychological test results but are 
based on the judgment of relevant staff members with whom the psychologist 
collaborates.

---

https://ieltsmaterial.com