Review 2021
Assessing the effects
of economic recoveries on
global energy demand and CO
2
emissions in 2021
Global Energy
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INTERNATIONAL ENERGY
AGENCY
Global Energy Review 2021
Abstract
Assessing the effects of economic recoveries
on global energy demand and CO2 emissions in 2021
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Abstract
As the world enters a second year of the Covid-19 pandemic, the annual
Global
Energy Review
assesses the direction energy demand and carbon dioxide
emissions are taking in 2021. The latest statistical data and real-time analysis
confirm our initial estimates for 2020 energy demand and CO2 emissions while
providing insights into how economic activity and energy use are rebounding in
countries around the world
–
and what this means for global emissions.
The accelerating rollouts of Covid-19 vaccinations in many major economies and
widespread fiscal responses to the economic crisis are boosting the outlook for
economic growth and leading to a rebound in energy demand in 2021. The report
explores whether the rebound in activity risks pushing CO2
emissions to a new
high and to what degree new policies targeting a sustainable recovery are able to
curb a rebound in emissions.
The pace of global vaccine rollouts, the possible emergence of new variants of the
Covid-19 virus, and the size and effectiveness of economic stimulus measures all
represent major uncertainties for the outlook. This analysis therefore not only
charts a possible path for energy use and CO2 emissions in 2021 but also
highlights the many factors that could lead to differing outcomes.