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2. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 
2.1 BASIC TERMS 
The focus of the approach to the problem of animators in tourism industry is 
perceived through the analysis of recreation and tourism, in other words, needs 
and possibilities of launching daily sports and recreational activities, as well as 
typical contact and show dance of the evening programs, according to the 
motivation of the modern tourist who is trying to cope with everyday stress 
during his vacation, in spite of his social and economic problems. 
2.1. 1. Tourism and motivation for tourism
Tourism is a socio-economic phenomenon that, along with sports, characterizes 
the life of our civilization at the end of the twentieth century. We find the most 
general definition in Vujaklija (1986, p. 938): “Tourism (fr. tour touring, travel, 
tourisme) travel for fun, pleasure, sightseeing, health”
.
"Tourism is linked 
exclusively to the act of traveling.” 
Defining the concept of tourism, is still the activity of a large number of 
researchers from different areas related to tourism. As a starting point we will 
use the definition of 
AIECT
, the International Association of Tourism, 
(according to Marković S. and Z.1970, p. 10): "Tourism is a set of relations and 
phenomena which emerge from the act of traveling and staying of a visitor of 
one place, if that staying does not mean having permanent residence, and if it is 
not connected to any private activity." 
According to 
Cicvarić
(1980, p. 28): "Tourism is a set of economic and non-
economic relations and phenomena which emerge from traveling and residing 
outside the domicile, and the consumption of resources achieved in a place of 
permanent residence." As it can be seen, the starting point here is the economic 
and non-economic phenomena and relations. For this reason, tourism is placed 
in the category of consumption of obtained resources.
On the contrary, 
Alfier
(1977, p. 15) examines tourism from the perspective of 
improving human qualities. For him, tourism is "the activity by which man 

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A N I M A T O R I N T O U R I S M
Ivanovski
16
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achieves and enhances human qualities, in general, qualities of humaneness and 
humanity, either in interpersonal relationships or in the views and cognition of 
individuals, in their relation to the world and to the nature". 
Relac
(1987, p. 5) is basing his definition on humanistic activities among 
people and between people and nature, which occur during their staying outside 
the place of residence. He concludes: "It appears that tourism is primarily 
humanistic activity in which a person confirms and improves his human 
qualities through socialization with other people. That kind of humanization is 
confirmed not only towards other people, but also towards the nature in which 
leisure time outside of the domicile is spent. 
As part of tourism, a series of selective types of tourism have been developed 
depending on the season, geographic or historic locations, age, health condition, 
etc. So we have: congress tourism, hunting and fishing tourism, spa tourism, 
country tourism, nautical tourism, children’s tourism, medical tourism, 
mountain and winter tourism ... Defining a certain problem that can be solved 
outside the place of residence, special tourist clientele is being formed, such as 
for the program "Čigota", with various sports camps-schools, etc.
Now days, in tourism industry, there is a high demand of more programs and 
contents whose purpose is solving specific problems or satisfying specific 
interests and needs of tourists. For this reason, nowadays in tourism market the 
highest value of usability have these programs, not hospitality services. 
Kopaonik has successfully developed summer tourism, based on its rich natural 
resources and also offers attractive programs such as language learning, 
computer schools, tennis, equitation, hiking etc. 
In his discourse "Reciprocal development of sport and tourism" (1989.),