Assessment
40
Family Therapy Assessment
Alexandra Mary John
Department of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
In this chapter I provide a brief overview of family
therapy assessment, outlining how theoretical ori-
entations can influence assessment, the main goals
for the assessment process, and the strengths and
limitations of a family systems therapy approach
to assessment.
WHAT IS FAMILY THERAPY?
Family therapy, also referred to as couple and
family therapy, and family systems therapy, is
an evidenced-based psychotherapy that seeks
to address a variety of emotional, behavioural
and other biopsychosocial difficulties through
working with family members who are in intimate
relationships. Such relationships could include,
for instance, married couples, children with their
parents, grandparents with their adult children
and grandchildren, and other kinship groups.
Within modern family therapy, however, all family
members do not need to be directly involved
in therapy, though their roles and perspectives
can be discussed and considered by the family
members who are present
From the perspective of the family therapist, the
family milieu will have a significant bearing either
on the development of a person’s presenting emo-
tional and behavioural difficulty and/or on its main-
tenance. The individual’s ability to accommodate
and adjust to life experiences such as a change in
family configuration or a physical health difficulty,
as well as the meaning ascribed to those experi-
ences, will be influenced by other family members.
Presenting difficulties are not, therefore, seen
to reside in individuals per se, but to result from
Child Psychology and Psychiatry: Frameworks for practice
, Second Edition. Edited by David Skuse, Helen Bruce,
Linda Dowdney and David Mrazek.
2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Published 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
a complex interplay of family relationships and
processes. For instance, a child’s school refusal
could be regarded as serving a ‘positive’ function
within the family if it facilitated communications
between parents who were otherwise emotionally
distant from each other. Equally, the presenting
difficulty may have arisen as a result of a family’s
inability to adapt and adjust to changing fam-
ily circumstances – as, for instance, when a father
who previously worked away from home, now
works locally and begins to play a greater role in
disciplining the children within the family, a role
previously undertaken by the children’s mother.
Whatever
the
family
conceives
as
the
‘difficulty’ – that is, the reason they are seeking
therapy – the family therapist will seek to reduce
any associated stigmatization and to work with
the family towards a situation where there is some
recognition that all family members have an impor-
tant part to play in facilitating an understanding
of the problem and in generating a solution.
Family therapy and family-based approaches
have been shown to be effective for a variety
of clinical problems, such as anxiety, depression,
psychosomatic problems and eating disorders [1].
More detail of family therapy interventions can be
found in the Chapter 44.
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