74
Chapter Three
a slope equal to the sensible / total (
S/T
) ratio (in this case
5
⁄
6
, or
0.833). In the figure this is line
RS.
Theoretically, the supply air point
may be anywhere on this line. In practice, there are limitations, as
discussed below.
2. On any chart the slope of the supply air process line may be
determined by assuming a TD and calculating the resulting
⌬
w.
In
this example, a TD of 20
⬚
F has been used, so that the supply point
S
is at 55
⬚
F. Then the design CFM will be
50,000 Btu / h
3
CFM
⫽
⫽
2315 ft / min
20
⬚
F
⫻
1.08
where 1.08 is the air factor for standard air. Using this CFM, we can
calculate the value of
⌬
w
:
10,000 Btu / h
⌬
w
0.0009 lbw / lba
3
2315 ft / min
⫻
60
⫻
0.075
⫻
1059
where 60
⫽
min / h
0.075
⫽
air density, lb / ft
3
(standard air)
1059
⫽
latent heat of vaporization of water at 60
⬚
F, Btu / lb
The
⌬
w
of 0.0009 subtracted from the room
w
of 0.0092 equals
0.0083, the needed
w
of the supply air at point
S
. Then, from the chart,
the supply air properties are 55
⬚
F db, 53.3
⬚
F wb,
h
⫽
22.2,
w
⫽
0.0083,
and RH
⫽
90 percent. By projection to the saturation line, the
appa-
ratus dew point
(ADP) is 51
⬚
F.
The figure of 90 percent RH presents a problem because it im-
plies a coil bypass factor of about 14 percent (see the coil discussion in
Chap. 9). A present-day cooling coil, even at four rows deep, will do
much better, with a bypass factor as low as 5 percent. It follows that
the design condition will not be obtained in practice and, if the supply
air temperature is controlled at 55
⬚
F, the resulting room condition will
be at a somewhat higher humidity than the design value. In this ex-
ample, the error is probably not serious, but the design is, in fact,
flawed. While the 20
⬚
F TD is not too far off, a TD of 15 or 16
⬚
F would
be unrealistic (unless reheat were used—a no-no in these energy-
conscious days except for humidity control).
The ADP of 51
⬚
F will require a supply water temperature of about
45
⬚
F. With a DX coil, the ADP will tend to be between 40 and 45
⬚
F
(see Fig. 3.12), which will pull the room humidity downward, increas-
ing the load due to dehumidification of outside air. It will also lower
the supply air temperature so that the TD will be 25
⬚
F or more. Then
the airflow rate should be 1850 ft
3
/ min. From experience this would
be expected to result in cold drafts and rapid two-position response
Design Procedures: Part 1
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