20.3.5
Speed and directivity
The speed of sound varies with the medium used as the path and is
a function of that medium’s density and modulus of elasticity. The
speed of sound is highest in high-density materials such as steel
(16,000 ft / s) and water (5000 ft / s). In air at room temperature and
sea level pressure, it is about 1100 ft / s.
Directivity means that a real sound source does not generate a uni-
form pattern; sound intensity varies with direction and distance from
the source. This can be particularly noticeable when the sound is gen-
erated as a result of vibration of the source. In the direction of vibra-
tional movement, the sound level will be much higher than in other
directions.
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