Chapter hvac engineering Fundamentals: Part 1 Introduction



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Bog'liq
HVAC HANDBOOK

236
Chapter Eight
Figure 8.17
Hot-wire anemometer.
Sensing current at the motor is another way of reporting flow, but
the current sensor may not be sensitive enough to detect a broken belt
or broken coupling.
The
hot-wire anemometer
airflow sensor (Fig. 8.17) includes a small
electric resistance heater and a temperature sensor. The air flowing
over the heater has a cooling effect, and the air velocity is proportional
to the amount of electric energy required to maintain a reference tem-
perature. A variation of the concept imposes a fixed voltage across the
resistance, with circuitry to read the current flow which changes with
sensed temperature and with flow. Hot-wire anemometers require a
reference to neutralize the effect of changing temperature on the out-
put signal.
The
pitot tube
(Fig. 8.18) is a double tube, installed in a duct or pipe
so that the tip points directly into the fluid flow and therefore mea-
sures the total pressure (TP). Openings in the outer tube face at right
angles to the flow and measure static pressure (SP) only. When these
two pressures are conveyed to a differential pressure sensor or a ma-
nometer, the difference between them can be read and is equal to
ve-
locity pressure
(
VP
) from the equation
VP

TP

SP
(8.3)
The velocity
V
can then be determined from
Design Procedures: Part 6
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