Chapter hvac engineering Fundamentals: Part 1 Introduction



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HVAC HANDBOOK

7.10
Central Plant
Distribution Arrangements
The schematic plant arrangements in Figs. 7.1 through 7.8 are rep-
resentative of common practice for heating or cooling plants in the
HVAC industry. One or two units are shown, but the principles apply
to any number of units. The interface to the distribution system was
discussed in Sec. 6.6.8.
All the above figures (Figs. 7.1–7.8) suggest four-pipe systems, in
which chilled water and hot water or steam are separated. A two-pipe
distribution system is designed to provide either hot or chilled water
(but not both at the same time) to air-handling units, usually individ-
ual room fan-coil units. Figure 7.14 shows a typical arrangement. The
chiller and boiler are interfaced through heat exchangers to a common
distribution system, so that either hot or chilled water is distributed,
depending on the season (sometimes depending on the time of day).
Special thermostats are required for control in the AHUs. Heat ex-
changers, or specially controlled changeover valves, are needed to pre-
vent thermal shock at the boiler or chiller when changeover occurs,
Design Procedures: Part 5
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