Independent work: choice, necessity, and the gig economy

Exhibit 27
Some unpaid household work could be converted to paid independent work, 
creating the equivalent of seven million jobs 
SOURCE: BLS American Time Use Survey (2014); OECD Time Use Survey; McKinsey Global Institute analysis
2.0
3.3
4.7
4.8
7.6
11.4
12.1
23.9
29.5
44.4
45.0
Driving self 
(to work, to buy goods/
services, for leisure)
Food preparation
Garden/lawn care
Driving children
Pet care
Interior housecleaning
Home repairs
External housecleaning
Errands
Grocery shopping
Laundry
Tasks most amenable to independent work
Minutes spent per day
~3.2 hours/day
Total
0.1
0.5
0.6
0.9
0.7
4.1
3.0
United 
States
Sweden
France
United 
Kingdom
Spain
Germany
EU-15
Jobs
Million

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79
McKinsey Global Institute
Independent work: Choice, necessity, and the gig economy
women perform approximately twice as much unpaid care work for their families as men 
do, and this burden limits the ability of many women to take on higher-paid and higher-
productivity roles in the workforce.
79