$25. 002009 ieee 52 ieee

Operational issues:

 

✔

 

The intermittent nature of the 

wind and solar generation poses certain operational 

challenges for the transmission grid, including ad-

ditional ramping and regulation requirements and 

impacts on system stability. For example, due to the 

steepness of the wind turbine power curve (as shown 

in Figure 2), a wind farm creates signifi cant ramp-

ing needs as wind speed changes, with the wind 

farm typically operating at either low output or high 

output at any given time. At high wind speeds, the 

turbine controls cut off the power generation to pre-

vent damage to the blades and the turbine-generator 

assembly due to overspeed and possible tensional 

oscillation. This power cutoff poses additional 

 operational challenges due to a very steep reduction 

in generation levels.