The standard for project management

Figure 1-6. Example Process: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs

The number of process iterations and interactions between processes varies based on the needs of the project. 

Processes generally fall into one of three categories:

u

u

Processes used once or at predefined points in the project. 

The processes

 Develop Project Charter and Close 

Project or Phase 

are examples.

u

u

Processes that are performed periodically as needed. 

The process 

Acquire Resources

 is performed as 

resources are needed. The process 

Conduct Procurements

 is performed prior to needing the procured item.

u

u

Processes that are performed continuously throughout the project. 

The process 

Define Activities

 may 

occur throughout the project life cycle, especially if the project uses rolling wave planning or an adaptive 

development approach. Many of the monitoring and control processes are ongoing from the start of the 

project, until it is closed out.

Project management is accomplished through the appropriate application and integration of logically grouped project 

management processes. While there are different ways of grouping processes, the 

PMBOK

®

 Guide

 groups processes 

into five categories called Process Groups.