Software Engineering

5.1.2 
Concurrent development of products and processes
The total scope of a software development project must address the develop-
ment of the software product, as well as the processes by which the product will 
3 
The project is completed and operational but overbudget, over the time estimate, and offers fewer 
features and functions than originally specified.
2 
CHAOS, The Standish Group Report, 1995.
4 
The project is cancelled at some point during the development cycle.

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5.1 
Application of IPPD to software
be implemented (software equivalent of manufacturing), tested, and supported. In 
addition, a software product requires the establishment of a computing environ-
ment within which it operates. The computing environment involves a number of 
computing devices, workstations, storage devices, networking equipment, the target 
operating systems, middleware, and associated applications (e.g., database manage-
ment system, DBMS).
Within the software development project there are a number of processes that 
are affected by the definition of the software product architecture. The three pri-
mary processes involved in the product development are software implementation, 
computing environment implementation, and software testing. The three primary 
processes involved with product sustainment are product distribution, product train-
ing, and product support. Product support can be further decomposed into several 
processes, such as customer support or help desk operations, problem resolution, 
and product enhancements. However a software development project identifies 
these processes, they must be defined, designed, implemented, and tested concur-
rently with the development of the software product. 
Figure 5.1
 aligns these process 
development efforts with the software development framework that addresses the 
software product development phases.
Each of these software processes involves facilities, equipment, staffing, pro-
cedures, and associated resources to be available to support execution of assigned 
tasks. These process areas must be defined, designed, implemented, and tested in a 
timely manner to support the software product development schedule. The defini-
tion of these processes is influenced by the definition of the software product and 
cannot be implemented independently. Therefore, the mandate imposed by an IPPD 
philosophy is that these processes must be defined simultaneously with the soft-
ware product. Software product design approaches may have significant impacts 
on one or more of these processes and life-cycle costs. Therefore, representatives 
from these process areas must be involved in the software engineering activities 
that define the software product architecture. This collaborative arrangement will be 
discussed further in the “Multidisciplinary Teamwork” section later in the chapter.