Spotlight on Uzbekistan
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transferring the real power of decision making (rather than just ratifying the Khokim’s decision) on
planning decisions to the Kengeshs where their final decisions could be made in public meetings so
residents can both watch and have their say. Local khokims and Kengeshs must be more proactive in
ensuring all legal procedures are followed when it comes to new developments in their local area,
with a particular focus on preventing intimidation in the processes (notionally) in place to ensure
resident consent for new buildings and in ensuring developers pay the compensation on time and in
full. Matyakubova’s essay argues for revising the current decree to give stronger safeguards against
forced evictions in line with international norms. Any revised legislation could include measures to
safeguard payments to residents such as revised requirements for Khokimiat’s to publically certify
that all residents had received the full legal compensation before construction is allowed to begin.
National and local government should work together to develop a national heritage listing system for
historic buildings to give greater protection against rapacious local developers. Particularly in the
context of both the state’s ownership of land and the construction boom, more must be done to
make developers contribute to the development of new social infrastructure in the new projects in
partnership with the Khokimiat. If, as some fear, many of these new developments will contain a
number of properties bought for investment purposes rather than permanent accommodation (or if
post-pandemic they remain unsold) then further steps should be taken to simplify and
professionalise the rental market. The recent reforms to the Propsika system have helped move
things in the right direction but still leave too many people reliant on temporary registration.
At all levels of government Uzbekistan could benefit from two things: more women and greater
transparency. There is a clear need to appoint women to Cabinet posts and as regional khokims,
while developing a clear pathway for women to move through the administrative structures, building
on the recent comparative success in increasing women’s representation in Parliament. There is an
urgent need for clear codes of conduct for politicians to declare any personal or financial links to
schemes they are involved in approving or scrutinising, and transparency on if state funds are
supporting businesses linked to elected officials. There is no explicable reason why the new
disclosure requirements being proposed for Uzbek civil servants should not be applied to or adapted
for use by holders of public office (particularly politicians and judges), so that they can be
transparent about their external sources of income and relevant assets to restrict the scope for
conflict of interest, and so that the public can know how their representatives are funded.
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