A ta y a n c h i s h a m irli-q o ‘ z g ‘ almas ta ya n ch deb a ta lib , unda ik k it a reak-
s iya k u c h la ri Қ , v a H a paydo bo M ish in i ilg a ri (1 .3 .) k o ‘ rib o ‘ tg a n e d ik . В
ta y a n c h i s h a m irli - q o ‘ zg ‘ a lu v c h i tayanch deb a ta lib , unda b irg in a re a ksiya
k u c h i R ft h o s il boM adi. S h a m irsiz q is tirm a ta y a n c h la rd a esa u c h ta re a ksiya
k u c h i R * H a, M a paydo boMadi (7.3 -ra sm )
T e k is y o y iq k u c h la r
intensivlik,
y a ’ ni b a lk a n in g u z u n lik b ir lig ig a tc /g ‘ ri
k e lg a n m iq d o r q b ila n oMchanadi va N /m b ila n ifo d a la n a d i. N o te k is y o y iq
k u c h la m in g in te n s iv lig i b a lka n in g u z u n lig i b o 'y la b o ‘ zgaradi v a q x b ila n
b e lg ila n a d i.
M a ’ lu m k i, b iro r ko n stru ksiya n i hisoblashdan ilg a ri u n in g h iso b la sh ta rh i
ta n la n a d i. H is o b n a tija la ri toM aligicha ana shu
ta rh n i qanday ta n la n ish ig a
bogM iq. A y n iq s a tayanch x illa rin i to ‘ g ‘ ri b e lg ila n is h i m u h im aham iyatga ega.
O datda b a lk a la r kam deform atsiyalanadi, undagi k u c h la n is h la r ham elas
t ik lik chegarasida boMadi. A y ta y lik , m etall y o k i y o g ‘ och to ‘ s fn n in g u c h i gMsht
d e v o rg a b ir o z k ir itilg a n boMsin. T a ya n ch y u za si k ic h ik boM g a n i sababli
t o ‘ s in n in g u c h i o zg in a m iq d o rd a ogMshi m u m k in . S h u n in g o ‘ z i ta ya n ch n i
s h a m irli deb qabul qilish g a asos boMadi. A g a r to ‘ sin d evor orasi-
ga k o ‘ proq k ir it ilib , beton va arm atura yo rd a m id a m ahkam lansa,
^
b unday ta y a n c h n i s h a m irli deb boM m aydi, albatta, uni sh a m irsiz
q is tirm a tayanch deb qabul q ilin sa , t o ‘g ‘ riro q boMadi.
ф —о
S ta tik a n iq b a lk a la rn in g ta y a n c h re a k s iy a la rin i a n iq la s h
u c h u n s ta tik a n in g u ch ta m uvozanat te n g la m a la rid a n fo y d a la n -
a m iz . B u n d a X o ‘ q i - b a lk a n in g o ‘ q i b o ‘ y la b , Y o ‘ q i esa - tik
y u q o rig a y o ‘ n a ltir ilib , k o o rd in a t boshi b iro r ta ya n ch s h a rn iri-
n in g m a rk a z id a o lin a d i.
A w a l g o riz o n ta l reaksiya k u c h i a n iq la n a d i. B u n in g uchun
l x = 0 te n g la m a s id a n fo y d a la n ila d i. V e rtik a l re a k s iy a k u c h la ri
v a ta y a n c h m o m e n ti lm = 0 va £ y = 0 te n g la m a la rid a n to p ila d i.
M o m e n t n u q ta s i s ifa tid a b iro rta ta ya n ch s h a m irin in g m a rka zi
q a b u l q ilin a d i. E y = 0 te n g la m a sid a n to p ilg a n re a k s iy a la m in g
t o ‘ g ‘ r i y o k i n o to ‘ g ‘ r i e k a n lig in i te k s h iris h u ch u n fo y d a la n is h
^
^
m aqsadga m u v o fiq .
7
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