Why it’s worth studying: FKS hashing is interesting in that it builds nicely on the mathematical tech-
niques we’ll cover for working with randomized data structures and that it was one of the earliest strate-
gies devised for building perfect hash tables. Going from the static case to the dynamic case is a bit tricky,
but is a great way of combining amortization and randomization in a single package.
Concurrent Hash Tables
Many simple data structures become significantly more complex when running in multithreaded environ-
ments. Some programming languages (most famously, Java) ship with an implementation of a hash table
specifically designed to work in concurrent environments. These data structures are often beautifully con-
structed and rely on specific properties of the underlying memory model.
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