Māris kļaviņŠ, azamat azizov, JĀnis zaļoksnis environment, pollution, development: the case of uzbekistan

particular  manage ment.
The ecological footprint is not a comprehensive indicator 
that  would  reflect  all  of  the  environ mental  pressure.  It  does  not 
directly reveal chemical pollution, soil erosion, consumption of 
water  resources,  nutrient  runoffs  and  sensitivity  of  forests  to  pests 
or storms, or other factors that can have a considerable impact on 
bio pro ductivity. However, the majority of possible impacts will 
affect productivity and are reflected in the ecological footprint and 
bioproductivity. The ecological footprint does not reveal the depletion 
of non-renewable resources (oil, coal, mineral resources) because the 
regenerative capacity of resources in the calculation functions as the 
delimiting factor. The impact of fossil and mineral resources on the 
environ ment in the ecological footprint calculation appears only in 
relation to the energy invested in the full life cycle of these resources. 
Therefore, the ecological footprint calculation is often complemented 
with the analysis of resource flows, which also includes information 
about the consumption and flows of mineral resources.
The territory of land 
necessary to produce the 
annual consumption of 
goods is attributed to a 
category of bioproduc‑
tive territory (cropland, 
pasture, forests, fishing 
and built‑up territories) 
which is multiplied 
by the equivalence 
factor to calculate the 
ecological footprint in 
global hectares:
EFp =  
C   ,
 PF 
× EF
where
EFp – ecological footprint, 
ha
g
,
C – consumption, t/g,
PF – productivity factor, 
t/ha,
EF – equivalence factor, 
ha
g
/ha.

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12. Sustainable Development