Collins Cobuild

opinion adjective
.
See Unit
32
determiner
one of a group of words including ‘the’, ‘a’, ‘some’, and ‘my’,
which are used at the beginning of a noun group.
See Units
2
,
13
–
14
,
23
–
30
direct
object
a noun group referring to the person or thing affected by

---

an action, in a clause with a verb in the active voice; eg She wrote her
name… I shut the windows.
See Units
16
,
20
,
51
–
53
direct
speech
the actual words spoken by someone.
See Units
74
–
77
ditransitive
verb
 another  name  for  a  verb  with  two  objects,  such  as
‘give’, ‘take’, or ‘sell’; eg She gave me a kiss.
See Unit
52
double-transitive verb
another name for a
ditransitive
verb
.
‘-ed’ adjective
an adjective which has the same form as the ‘–ed’ form of
a regular verb, or the past participle of an irregular verb; eg …boiled
potatoes. …a broken wing.
See Unit
34
‘-ed’ form
the form of a regular verb used for the past simple and for the
past participle.
See Units
3
,
57
,
94
ellipsis
 the  leaving  out  of  words  when  they  are  obvious  from  the
context.
emphasizing
adverb
an adverb such as ‘absolutely’ or ‘utterly’, which
modifies  adjectives  that  express  extreme  qualities,  such  as
‘astonishing’ and ‘wonderful’; eg You were absolutely wonderful.
See Unit
43
ergative
verb
 a  verb  which  is  both  transitive  and  intransitive  in  the
same  meaning.  The  object  of  the  transitive  use  is  the  subject  of  the
intransitive use; eg He boiled a kettle… The kettle boiled.
See Unit
55
first
person
see
person
.
future
tense
see
tense
.
gerund
another name for the ‘–ing’ form when it is used as a noun.
See Units
69
,
71
–
72
‘if’-clause
see
conditional clause
.
imperative
the form of a verb used when giving orders and commands,
which is the same as its base form; eg Come here… Take  two  tablets

---

every four hours… Enjoy yourself.
See Units
4
,
8
,
12
,
66
impersonal
‘it’
 ‘it’  used  as  an  impersonal  subject  to  introduce  new
information; eg It’s raining… It’s ten o’clock.
See Units
16
–
17
,
33
,
47
,
73
,
76
,
96
,
101
indefinite
adverb
 a  small  group  of  adverbs  including  ‘anywhere’  and
‘somewhere’ which are used to indicate place in a general way.
See Unit
21
indefinite
article
the determiners ‘a’ and ‘an’.
See Unit
26
indefinite
pronoun
a small group of pronouns including ‘someone’ and
‘anything’ which are used to refer to people or things without saying
exactly who or what they are.
See Units
21
,
94
–
95
indirect
object
 an  object  used  with  verbs  that  take  two  objects.  For
example, in ‘I gave him the pen’ and ‘I gave the pen to him’, ‘him’ is
the indirect object and ‘pen’ is the direct object. Compare with
direct
object
.
See Units
16
,
20
,
52
indirect
question
a question used to ask for information or help; eg Do
you know where Jane is?… I wonder which hotel it was.
See Unit
9
indirect
speech
 the  words  you  use  to  report  what  someone  has  said,
rather than using their actual words. Also called
reported speech
.
See Units
74
–
77
infinitive
the base form of a verb; eg I wanted to go… She helped me dig
the garden. The infinitive is the form you look up in a dictionary.
See Units
11
,
33
–
34
,
65
,
70
,
73
,
76
–
77
,
79
,
82
,
91
,
95
,
97
–
98
‘-ing’
adjective
 an  adjective  which  has  the  same  form  as  the  present