Will you still be working when I come back?
Yes, I will/No, I won’t.
FUTURE PERFECT TENSE/KELASI TUGALLANGAN ZAMON
TUZLISHI:
Future perfect tense ning ko‘makchi fe’llari ikkita bo‘lib shaxs-sonda tuslanmaydi: will va have.
Inkor shaklda will dan keyin not qo‘yiladi. So‘roq shaklda esa egadan oldinga chiqariladi, asosiy
fe’l o‘tgan zamon sifatdoshi shaklida bo‘ladi:
Darak gap
Inkor gap
So‘roq gap
I will be speaking
You will be speaking
He will be speaking
She will be speaking
It will be speaking
We will be speaking
You will be speaking
They will be speaking
I will not be speaking
You a will not be speaking
He will not be speaking
She will not be speaking
It will not be speaking
We will not be speaking
You will not be speaking
They are not speaking
Will I be speaking?
Will you be speaking?
Will he be speaking?
Will she be speaking?
Will it be speaking?
Will we be speaking?
Will you be speaking?
Will they be speaking?
S + will have + worked/spoken.
S + will not have + worked/spoken.
Will + S + have + worked/spoken?
ISHLATILISHI:
Future perfect tense kelasi zamonda ma’lum bir vaqtgacha sodir bo‘lgan ish-harakatlarni
ifodalaydi. Payt ravishlariga by, by then, until/till kiradi:
I think this film will have grossed over 1 billion dollars by the end of the month.
ESLATMA! Until/till faqat inkor gaplarda ishlatiladi:
She will not have completed the report until/till 5 o’clock.
FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE/KELASI TUGALLANGAN DAVOM ZAMON
TUZLISHI:
Future perfect tense ning ko‘makchi fe’llari uchta bo‘lib shaxs-sonda tuslanmaydi: will, have va
been. Inkor shaklda will dan keyin not qo‘yiladi. So‘roq shaklda esa egadan oldinga chiqariladi,
asosiy fe’l hozirgi zamon sifatdoshi shaklida bo‘ladi:
S + will have been + working/speaking.
S + will not have been + working/speaking.
Will + S + have been + working/speaking?
ISHLATILISHI:
Future perfect tense biror ish-harakatning kelasi zamonda ma’lum bir vaqtgacha qancha davom
muddat etishini ko‘rsatadi. Payt ravishlariga by … for kiradi:
By the end of next month, she will have been teaching for twenty years.
Future perfect/future perfect continuous va present simple bilan qo‘shma hosil qilish mumkin,
bunda by the time, before, until/till bog‘lovchilarini ishlatish mumkin:
I won’t have finished cleaning the house until you come back.
By the time they reach York, they will have been travelling for two hours.
OTHER WAYS OF EXPRESSING THE FUTURE/KELASI ZAMONNI IFODALASHNING BOSHQA
USULLARI
BE TO + INFINITIVE (rasmiy Ingliz tilida ishlatiladi):
The President is to visit Poland next Monday.
BE ABOUT TO + INFINITIVE, BE ON THE POIUNT OF + GERUND,
BE ON THE VERGE OF + GERUND (BE GOING TO ga sinonim):
Look! The bus is about to leave. The company is on the point of closing down.
Harry Osborn is on the verge of starting a new project about prodigy kids.
BE DUE TO + INFINITIVE (jadvallar va dasturlar uchun):
Their flight is due to arrive at 6:15.
DECIDE, PLAN, INTEND, ARRANGE, MEAN + TO INFINTIVE (rejalar va niyatlar uchun):
We intend to buy a new house. They have decided to vote for Karl.
Managers arranged to meet every two months.
BE SURE TO/BE BOUND TO/BE CERTAIN TO + INFINTIVE (kelasi zamonda sodir bo‘lishi aniq
bo‘lgan ish-harakatlar uchun):
Your plan is sure to succeed. Their rival is very weak, so they are bound to win.
THE FUTURE IN THE PAST/KELASI ZAMON O‘TGAN ZAMONDA
Yuqoridagi birikmalarni va qurilmalarni o‘tgan zamonda rejalashtirilagan ish-harakatlar uchun
ham ishlatish mumkin. Bunda ish-harakatlar amalga oshmay qolgan bo‘lishi ham mumkin:
Mr. Simon was going to resign, but the manager offered him a better salary.
They were on the point of leaving when the phone rang.
The forward was certain to score. However, the goalkeeper was able to hold the ball.
WON’T
Won’t biror narsani istamaslikni va majoziy rad etishni ko‘taradi (bunda gap egasi kishi
bo‘lmaydi):
I have told him not to do that, but he won’t listen. The washing machine won’t work.
Wouldn’t esa won’t ning o‘tgan zamoni uchun ishlatiladi:
She asked him to help her, but he wouldn’t. He tried hard, but the door wouldn’t open.
USED TO/O‘TGAN ZAMONDAGI ODATIY ISH-HARAKATLAR
WOULD/USED TO – O‘TGAN ZAMONDAGI ODATIY ISH-HARAKATLAR
Used to o‘tgan zamondagi odatiy va takroriy ish-harakatlar va holatlar uchun ishlatiladi, ular
hozrgi zamonda boshqa bajarilmaydi. Used to barcha shax-sonda bir xil bo‘lib undan keyin bare
infinitive keladi:
Peter used to eat a lot of sweets, but now he doesn’t eat them.
People used to dress differently in the past.
Used to ning inkor shakli did not (didn’t) va so‘roq shakli esa did bilan yasaladi. Used to esa inkor
va so‘roq shaklida use to ko‘rinishida ishlatiladi:
Mary didn’t use to stay outside, but now she always stays outside.
In the past, people didn’t use to go alone at night, but now they can go out alone.
Did Peter use to sleep a lot?
Did people use to carry parasols with them in the past?
Biz past simple ni used to ning o‘rniga ishlatish mumkin. Lekin past simple o‘tgan zamonda bir
marta sodir bo‘lgan ish-harakatlarni ifodalaganda used to ning o‘rnida ishlatilmaydi:
She used to live in the countryside = She lived in the countryside.
I bought an interesting book yesterday.
Used to ishtirok etgan gapni but now orqali Present Simple ga bog‘lash mumkin.
Odatda agar used to inkor shaklda bo‘lsa Present Simple darak shaklda bo‘ladi yoki aksincha:
I didn’t use to watch the news, but now I watch it every day.
My sister used to play the violin, but now she doesn’t play it any more.
Bundan tashqari gap mazmuniga qarab fe’l, to‘ldiruvchi yoki o‘rin holi o‘zgartiriladi:
My uncle used to drink a lot of coffee, but now she prefers to drink tea.
We used to live in a flat, buy now we live in a house.
He used to drive to work, buy now he goes on foot.
Used to uchun qisqa javoblarda did ishlatiladi:
Did they use to go out often? Yes, they did. /No, they didn’t.
Would/Used to o‘tgan zamondagi takroriy ish-harakatlar va holatlar uchun ishlatiladi:
I and my friends would/used to go to the cinema on Sundays.
Rodger’s father would/used to take him to the zoo at the weekend.
Ammo would holat fe’llari bilan ishlatilmaydi:
They used to live in London. (NOT They would live in London.)
I used to have a pet dog. (Not I would have a pet dog.)
BE USED AND GET USED TO/ODATIY ODAT VA YANGI ODAT
Be used to ayni paytda odat bo‘lib qolgan ish-harakatlar uchun ishlatiladi. Bundan tashqari be
used to o‘tgan zamondagi odatiy ish-harakatlar uchun ham ishlatish mumkin
Be used to va get used to dan keyin gerund, olmosh va ot keladi:
I am not used to getting up early. They are used to cold weather.
She was not used to living in the country.
Get used to esa yangi odat bo‘ladigan, bo‘layotgan va bo‘lgan ish-harakatlarni ifodalaydi.
Shuning uchun get used to ni kelasi, hozirgi va o‘tgan zamonda ishlatiladi:
You get used to her when you know her better.
Jason will get used to wearing glasses soon.
First, I didn’t like my baby brother, but then I got used to him.
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