The publication of this Handbook was supported by the Russian Federation

A.S. Saparov and V.M. Kan (Kazakhstan)
5.2.1.  Differentiated system of amelioration of salt-affected paddy soils
The amelioration of  salt-affected soils of  paddy rice farms in the south and southeast of  Kazakhstan 
is supported by a new differentiated technology system designed by scientists from the U.U. Uspanov 
Kazakh Research Institute of  Soil Science and Agrochemistry. This system allows optimal crop 
productivity within the first year without any soil leaching pre-treatment.
The ‘
NTO3 – 1,2,3,4’ amelioration technology for salt-affected soils of  rice fields has several 
modifications that are adapted for different degrees and chemical types of  salinity and different 
crop varieties. The ‘NTO3-1,2’ technologies were first implemented on a total area of  more than 
100 thousand hectares in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan in 1980 and later tested in Ukraine, Russian 
Federation, North Korea and China. Recently, the ‘NTO3-3,4’ technologies have been developed 
and implemented on rice fields in the Karatal District in the Almaty Region and the Kazaly District 
of  the Kyzylorda Region.

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Chapter 5.Innovative methods and technologies for amelioration of salt-affected soils and agroforestry practices in marginal landscapes 
The presented technologies are principally different from the existing soil amelioration technologies 
of  the world and permit to the growth of  rice on salt-affected soils and obtain optimal yields in the 
first year of  cultivation [3]. These technologies are cost effective and ecologically safe.