Ccna ® Certification Practice Tests Jon Buhagiar

Chapter 7

: Practice Exam 1

1. B.  A hub is a multiport repeater. When a hub receives a frame,

it will repeat the frame on all other ports, regardless of whether

or not the port is the destination host. A firewall is a network

device that can protect a network from malicious traffic and/or

restrict access. A router is a network device that routes layer 3

packets. A switch is a layer 2 device that creates micro-

segmentation.

2. B.  Switches break up collision domains by allowing micro-

segmentation. Switches are set to auto-negotiate duplex and

speed by default, and they do not force full-duplex. Routers

break up broadcast domains; switches will not break up

broadcast domains. Switches also don’t always allow for a fast

uplink port; it always depends on the type of switch and the

application in which it is marketed.

3. A.  When a firewall matches a Uniform Resource Identifier

(URI), such as a URL, it is operating at layer 7. This is known as

a web application firewall, or WAF. Layer 5 communications are

session based; one such application that is session based is

Structured Query Language (SQL). Layer 4 communications are

port based; many basic firewall rules are built to block and allow

specific ports. Layer 3 communications are IP address based;

many basic firewall rules are also built to block and allow

specific IP addresses.

4. A.  An autonomous WAP acts similarly to an access layer switch.

However, WAPs normally do not have redundant links back to

the distribution switches. So it acts more like a star topology,

connecting the Ethernet and wireless clients together. A full

mesh topology is often found between the core and distribution

layers of the Cisco three-tier design model. A partial mesh

topology is often found between the distribution and access

layers in the Cisco three-tier design model. A hybrid topology is

found in many networks today because one topology does not fit

all needs throughout the network.

5. B.  High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC) is the default

encapsulation on a serial connection for Cisco. Multiprotocol

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Label Switching (MPLS) is becoming a popular WAN

connectivity method, but it is not an encapsulation method.

Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) is an open standard layer 2

protocol used for point-to-point connections, such as WAN

serial connections. Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet

(PPPoE) is the PPP protocol encapsulated into an Ethernet

frame. Its most notable use is in Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)

communications, where it is mainly used for its authentication

methods.

6. B.  The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) is an open standard. Cisco

routers default to the HDLC protocol. However, HDLC is a

proprietary standard for Cisco. So PPP should be used for

compatibility. Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE) is

the PPP protocol encapsulated into an Ethernet frame. The X.25

protocol is one of the first WAN protocols for packet switching;

it has largely been deprecated for newer protocols, such as PPP,

that offer more features.

7. C.  The central office, sometimes referred to as the CO, is the

local switching office. The CO is where your data lines meet the

public network for data and voice. The demarcation point, or

demarc as it is also referred to, is the point at which the provider

responsibility for wiring and maintenance ends. Network edge

is not a term typically used for WAN networking; therefore, it is

an invalid answer. The main data frame (MDF) describes the

location where network equipment is concentrated and connects

to external networks.

8. B.  Point of presence (PoP) is the term that defines the access

point of the provider’s services. These services might be

Internet, private WAN, or cloud resources. The demarcation

point, or demarc as it is also referred to, is the point at which the

provider responsibility for wiring and maintenance ends.