But the contrasts made in the English intonation are grammatical,
but clearly not lexical1. For example, the phrase
He has come -
may be pronounced by the falling tone when it is a declarative
sentence. It can also be pronounced in a rising tone to indicate an
interrogative sentence (a question) or when it is an exclamatory
sentence the tone o f voice is very high and the timbre is em o
tional. Thus, phonological units and their features may be used as
a part o f the system in the realization o f grammatical and lexical
items. There is no direct consequence between the sound material
and the meaning, but this relationship must be understood in the
sense o f providing «a bridge» between the form and substance of
a language. Thus, the relations between phonetics and other
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