#5036 Daily Warm-Ups: Nonfiction Reading
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Warm-Up
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4
Name ______________________________________________
Check Your Understanding
1.
From the context of the passage, what is a
dictator?
a. a soldier
c. a ruler with total power
b. an empire
d. an army
2.
What led to Pompey escaping to Egypt?
a. He lost a battle in Egypt.
c. He lost a battle in Venice.
b. He lost a battle in Greece.
d. both a and b
3.
Which word means “military or political planning and actions”?
a. campaign
c. absolute
b. empire
d. hotbed
4.
Which sentence is irrelevant to the information in the passage?
a. Pompey had never been defeated in battle before his battle with Caesar.
b. Crassus was a powerful Roman politician who had important political connections.
c. Caesar was a Roman consul, the most important leader in Rome.
d. Cleopatra was the last queen of Egypt.
Julius Caesar was born about 2,100 years
ago. Rome had become a hotbed of violence
and political unrest. Corrupt groups and
dishonest leaders within the ruling class
fought each other to gain power. They did
not care what it cost the people or the country.
Caesar survived many conflicts within the
brutal political battles in Rome. He made a
temporary deal with the wealthiest man in
Rome named Crassus. He also connected
with the most famous general named Pompey.
Caesar was the man in charge of pleasing
the people in the city. Later, Caesar was
made governor of Gaul, part of which today
is France. He defeated the Gauls in an epic
eight-year war. It cost the Gauls one million
lives. Another one million people were sold
into slavery.
Crassus died in a war. After his victories in
Gaul, Caesar challenged Pompey for control
of Rome. He captured Italy in a brilliant
military campaign. He finally faced and
defeated Pompey’s army in Greece. He won a
total victory. Pompey escaped and was killed
in Egypt. Caesar became involved in plans
to control Egypt. He formed a personal and
political friendship with Cleopatra, the last
queen of Egypt. He soon brought Egypt under
the control of Rome.
Caesar returned to Rome where he made
himself absolute
dictator. This outraged the
other members of the government. He was
the only power in the country. A group of
more than sixty men planned to kill him.
Some were his friends. They believed that he
had become too powerful. Caesar was stabbed
to death in the Roman Senate on March 15, 44
BCE.
Julius Caesar had totally reformed Roman
life. He brought about a number of changes
in Roman law and government. He had also
greatly extended the Roman Empire.
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