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The direction of use of the indicator of the cost of capital in the activities of



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MONOGRAPHY Social and Economic Development (3)

The direction of use of the indicator of the cost of capital in the activities of 
the enterprise 
Direction 
Decision criteria 
1. Determining the 
profitability of various 
activities 
The indicator of the cost of capital is the minimum rate of return on 
retained earnings for all types of activities of the enterprise, i.e. current, 
financial and investment 
2. The definition of 
capital structure 
(sources) 
2.1. The coefficient of financing (the ratio of own to borrowed capital) 
and the debt ratio (the ratio of borrowed capital to own) are determined. 
With a financing ratio of more than 1, and a debt ratio of less than 1, 
respectively, the company is financially independent. 
2.2. The weighted average cost of capital is compared with the cost of 
raising funds from various sources. Those sources that are cheaper in 
terms of cost of attraction are more profitable to use 
3. Determining the 
effectiveness of 
investments: real (in 
investment projects) 
financial (in stocks and 
corporate bonds) 
3.1. The cost of capital is used as the calculation interest rate of return, i.e. 
percent discount. If the discounted cash flows for a certain period cover 
the originally invested volume of investments, then the investment is 
considered profitable. 
3.2. The cost of capital allows you to evaluate the profitability of 
individual securities and the entire portfolio. On this basis, the real market 
value of the security and the direction of financial investment are 
determined 
4. Determination of the 
value of the enterprise 
and its market price 
The value of the enterprise is directly proportional to net profit before 
interest and dividends are paid and inversely proportional to the weighted 
average cost of capital. The value of the enterprise will be maximum in 
case of an increase in net profit and a decrease in the weighted average 
cost of capital, i.e. subject to the use of cheaper sources of financing. 
The market price of an enterprise may be more or less than its value. It 
depends on the image of the company in the market, attractiveness to 
investors, partners, lenders, etc. 
 
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To calculate the weighted average cost of capital, i.e. the cost of capital, 
considering the specific gravity of sources, is primarily determined by possible 
sources of financing and their structure. Secondly, the price of each source is 
calculated. 
As noted, sources of financing can be own, borrowed, borrowed funds. To 
determine the cost of capital, it is necessary to choose those that will participate 
in the calculations. 
Based on this, borrowed funds in the form of long-term loans and bond 
loans, as well as equity in the form of equity  and retained earnings will be 
considered in calculating the cost of capital. Short-term loans are not considered 
in the calculation, as they are attracted temporarily and used to finance current 
activities. The same applies to accounts payable, for which the company does 
not pay interest and uses this debt during the year for current operations. 
The determination of the price of each source of financing and the 
weighted average cost of capital is presented in Table 5. 
Table 5 

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