This article is published in a peer-reviewed section of the Utrecht Law Review

6. Comparing the different case studies

This section will provide a comparison of the companies’ response to the conflicts studied and whether 

such conflicts had an effect on their CSR policy. 

 

In order to compare the companies’ CSR policies it is important to recognise the distinction between 

the four companies. The parent companies of Apple, Coca-Cola and Walmart are based in the US, while 

Canon is situated in Japan. Because the parent companies are based in different countries, different legal 

systems and jurisdictions apply. However, the multinationals are US-listed companies on the NASDAQ 

(Apple) and NYSE (Canon, Coca- Cola and Walmart).