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Toshkent
Toshkent-mustaqil O'zbekiston Respublikasining poytaxti. Bu juda eski shahar. 2000 yil avval tashkil etilgan. Shahar Tyan-Shan tog' tizmasining etagida joylashgan va Chirchiq daryosi vodiysida yotadi. Shahar aholisi 2 mln.dan ortiq kishiga yetgan.
16-asrda qurilgan Kokaldosh madrasasi va Baroqxon masjidi kabi bir qancha musulmon obidalari va tarixiy binolari mavjud.
Yangi xiyobonlar, maydonlar, baland bino va favvoralarga ega bo'lgan Toshkent O'zbekistondagi eng zamonaviy shaharga aylandi. Shahar avvalgidek obod. Transport inshootlari yaxshi. An'anaviy o'zbek san'ati bilan bezatilgan avtobuslar, trolley-avtobuslar, tramvaylar, taksilar va ko'plab chiroyli metro bekatlariga ega metro mavjud.
Toshkent O'zbekiston o'quv-ilmiy markazi bo'lib, unda oliy o'quv yurtlari, institutlar, maktablar va maxsus umumta'lim maktablari ko'p. Shaharda o'nlab ilmiy-tadqiqot institutlarini birlashtirgan respublika fanlar akademiyasi bor. Bu, shuningdek, ko'plab kutubxonalar bilan madaniy markazi, teatr va kinoteatrlar. Toshkentning paxta matosi, to'qimachilik mashinasozligi, elektr jihozlari, paxta terish kombaynlari va boshqa mahsulotlar ishlab chiqaradigan sanoat muassasalari nafaqat MDH, balki butun dunyoda yaxshi ma'lum.
Toshkentni ko'pincha tinchlik va do'stlik shahri deb atashadi. Yaqinda Toshkent yangi suveren, mustaqil davlatimizning poytaxti sifatida dunyoda yaxshi tanildi. Toshkentda bir qator sammit muzokaralari bo'lib o'tdi. Shaharda ko'plab xalqaro tashkilotlar, kompaniya va firmalarning elchixonalari va vakolatxonalari ochilgan. Toshkentda Osiyo, Afrika va lotin Amerikasi kinosi kinofestivallarini o'tkazish an'anaga aylangan.
Seasons
There are four seasons in a year. They are spring, summer, autumn and winter.
Every season consists of three months. March. April and May are spring months,
It is very nice in spring. The sky is often blue. The sun begins to shine more brightly, the days become longer and the spring flowers appear everywhere. Nature is very beautiful in spring. Everyone enjoys the beginning of spring. It is warm and sometimes it rains, but the rain is warm and pleasant.
Summer comes after spring. June, July and August are summer months. Summer is as nice as spring. The sun shines brightly. It is warm and sometimes hot. Summer is the hottest season of the year. That's why it is not enjoyable to stay in the city in summer, and most people go to the country. The days are long and the nights are short. The longest day of the year is June 21. Children don't go to school in summer. They have their summer holidays. The pupils usually relax during their summer holidays and in September they begin their studies again.
September, the first autumn month, is usually very pleasant. It is not cold yet outdoors, and the trees with their red and yellow leaves look very beautiful. It is warm in September. But in October cold winds begin to blow, leaves fall to the ground, it gets colder and sometimes it begins raining. The rain is cold and not pleasant at all. The days get shorter and the nights get longer. There are a lot of fruits and vegetables in autumn in Uzbekistan. On the first day of autumn we celebrate the independence of our republic.
Winter begins in December and ends in March. It is the coldest season of the year. In Uzbekistan winter is very nice with its sunny frosty days. It often snows. Sometimes much snow on the ground. It gets dark early in the evening. The days are short and the nights are long. The shortest day of the year is December 21. Winter is a good time for sports. In winter many people go skating and skiing. Children can play hockey. At the end of winter the sun begins to shine as brightly as in spring, but it is not yet as warm as spring. After winter comes spring. People look forward to it. In spring nature awakens from a long winter dream.
Fasllar
Bir yilda to'rt fasl bor. Ular bahor, yoz, kuz va qish.
Har bir mavsum uch oydan iborat. Yuriluv.ar Aprel va May oylari bahor oylari.
Bahorda juda yaxshi. Osmon ko'pincha ko'k. Quyosh yanada yorqinroq porlay boshlaydi, kunlar uzoqlashadi va hamma joyda bahor gullari paydo bo'ladi. Tabiat bahorda juda chiroyli. Hamma bahorning boshidan zavq oladi. Issiq va ba'zan yomg'ir yog'adi, lekin yomg'ir iliq va yoqimli.
Yoz bahordan keyin keladi. Iyun, iyul va avgust oylari yoz oylari. Yoz bahor kabi go'zal. Quyosh charaqlab porlaydi. Issiq va ba'zan issiq. Yoz-yilning eng issiq mavsumi. Shuning uchun yozda shaharda qolish yoqimli emas va ko'pchilik odamlar mamlakatga borishadi. Kunlar uzun va tunlar qisqa. Yilning eng uzun kuni-21 iyun. Bolalar yozda maktabga bormaydi. Ularning yozgi ta'tillari bor. O'quvchilar odatda yozgi ta'til vaqtida dam oladilar va sentyabr oyida yana o'qishni boshlaydilar.
Sentyabr, birinchi kuz oyi, odatda juda yoqimli. Bu ochiq havoda hali sovuq emas, va ularning qizil va sariq barglari bilan daraxtlar juda chiroyli qarash. Sentyabr oyida issiq. Lekin oktyabr oyida sovuq shamollar esa boshlaydi, barglari erga tushadi, sovuqroq bo'ladi va ba'zan yomg'ir yog'adi. Yomg'ir sovuq va yoqimli emas. Kunlar qisqaradi va tunlar uzoqlashadi. O'zbekistonda kuzda meva va sabzavotlar ko'p. Kuzning birinchi kunida respublikamiz mustaqilligini nishonlaymiz.
Qish dekabrda boshlanadi va mart oyida tugaydi. Bu yilning eng sovuq mavsumi. O'zbekistonda qish o'zining quyoshli ayozli kunlari bilan juda yaxshi. Tez-tez qor yog'adi. Ba'zan yerda ko'p qor. Erta kechqurun qorong'i tushadi. Kunlar qisqa va tunlar uzun. Yilning eng qisqa kuni-21 dekabr. Qishki sport uchun yaxshi vaqt. Qishda ko'p odamlar uchish va tosh borish. Bolalar xokkey o'ynash mumkin. Qish oxirida quyosh bahor kabi yorqin porlashni boshlaydi, lekin u hali bahor kabi iliq emas. Qishdan keyin bahor keladi. Odamlar buni orziqib kutishadi. Bahorda tabiat uzoq qish tushidan uyg'onadi.
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