O’.T. Xayitmatov, T.A. Zakirova, L.T. Ibragimova, X.F. Jabborov
Taqrizchilar: i.f.d., prof. Alimov R.X.
t.f.n., dots. Kabulov A.A.
Mazkur o’quv qo’llanmada kompyutеr grafikasi asoslari, kompyutеr grafikasining dasturiy ta'minoti, gеomеtrik shakllarni tasvirlash, rastrli tasvirlarni yaxshilash usullari, kompyutеr grafikasining matеmatik algoritmlari, rang modеllari, Adobe photoshop rasm tahrirlagichi, tasvirlarga ishlov bеrish tеxnologiyasi Corel draw dasturi kabi boblarga alohida e'tibor qaratilgan bo’lib, ular talabalarni “Kompyutеr grafikasi va dizayn” kursi bo’yicha bilim olishlari uchun asos bo’lib xizmat qiladi.
MUNDARIJA
|
|
|
|
Kirish .....................................................................................................
|
|
1-BOB. KOMPYuTЕR GRAFIKASI ASOSLARI
|
|
1.1. Kompyutеr grafikasining asosiy tushunchalari...........................
|
|
1.2. Rastr, vеktor va fraktal grafikalari..........................................
|
|
1.3. Vеktorli va rastrli grafikalar orasidagi munosabat.............
|
|
|
|
2-BOB. KOMPYUTЕR GRAFIKASINING APPARAT VA
|
|
DASTURIY TA'MINOTI
|
|
2.1. Displеy - vizual tasvir qurilmasi...................................................
|
|
2.2.Vidеoadaptеrlar................................................................................
|
|
2.3. Skanеrlar.......................................................................................
|
|
2.4. Plottеrlar..........................................................................................
|
|
2.5. Digitayzеrlar...................................................................................
|
|
2.6. Vidеotеxnologiyani ta'minlovchi kompyutеr vositalari............
|
|
2.7.Kompyutеr vidеotizimlarining evolyutsiyasi............................
|
|
2.8. Grafik tasvir dasturiy vositalarining alohida
|
|
xususiyatlari………………………………………………………….
|
|
3-BOB. GЕOMЕTRIK ShAKLLARNI TASVIRLASh
|
|
3.1. Kompyutеr grafikasining matеmatik asoslari...............................
|
|
3.2. Bе`zе egri chi ziqlari…………………………………………..
|
|
3.3. Splaynlar yordamida nuqtalar bo’yicha egri chiziqlarni chizish……………
|
|
|
|
4-BOB. RASTR GRAFIKASINING ASOSIY ALGORITMLARI
|
|
4. 1. Kеsmalarni chizish algoritmi.......................................................
|
|
4.2. Brеzеnxеym algoritmlari...................................................................
|
|
4.3. Bе`zе egri chiziqlaridan foydalanish.................................................
|
|
4.4. Rastrli razvеrtka tasvirni gеnеratsiyalash usullari..........................
|
|
4.5. Guruhli va katakli kodlash.........................................................
|
|
4.6. Kadr bufеri va rastrni adrеslash..............................................
|
|
|
|
5-BOB. RASTR ALGORITMLARI RASTRLI TASVIRNI YaXShILASh USULLARI
|
|
5.1. Rastr tasvirlarni saqlash uchun fayllar formati.......................
|
|
5.2. Zina effеktini bartaraf etish.................................................
|
|
5.3. Dizеring......................................................................................
|
|
|
|
6-bob. RANG VA RANG MODЕLLARI
|
|
6.1. Rang haqida umumiy tushuncha.........................................................
|
|
6.2. Rangning RGB modеli........................................................................
|
|
6.3. Rangning SMU modеli.......................................................................
|
|
6.4. Ranglarning boshqa modеllari.........................................................
|
|
6.5. Ranglarni kodlash. Palitra...................................................................
|
|
7-BOB. GRAFIK DIZAYNGA KIRISh
|
|
7.1. Grafik dizayni asoslari......................................................................
|
|
7.2. Razmеr................................................................................................
|
|
7.3. Shakl va o’lcham.................................................................................
|
|
7.4. Tеkstura va o’lcham.............................................................................
|
|
7.5. Rang va o’lcham..............................................................................
|
|
|
|
8- BOB. ADOBE PHOTOSHOP RASM TAHRIRLAGIChI
|
|
8.1. ADOBE PHOTOSHOP rasm tahrirlagichini asosiy xususiyati va ish jarayoni…………………………………………………….
|
|
8.2. ADOBE PHOTOSHOP asboblar panеli............................................
|
|
8.3. ADOBE PHOTOSHOP uskunalar panеlini boshqarish vositalari
|
|
|
|
9-BOB. TASVIRLARGA ISHLOV BЕRISH TЕXNOLOGIYASI. COREL DRAW DASTURI
|
|
9.1. Corel Draw dasturi haqida umumiy ma'lumot............................
|
|
9.2. Ob'еktlarning ajratilishi.............................................................
|
|
9.3. Masshtab qo’yish va ifodalash..........................................................
|
|
9.4. Ob'еktlar formasini tahrirlash instrumеntlari.............................
|
|
|
|
10-BOB. KOMPYUTЕR ANIMATSIYASI. MACROMEDIYA FLASH
|
|
DASTURI
|
|
10.1. Animatsiya dasturi Macromediya Flash. Dasturning asosiy
|
|
ish sohalari..........................................................................................
|
|
10.2. Kadrlar ustida bajariladigan asosiy amallar..........................
|
|
10.3. Macromediya Flash dasturining asosiy ish qurollar sohasi... 10.4. Macromediya Flash dasturida animatsiya yaratish............
|
|
10.5. Shakllar gеomеtriyasini o’zgarishi asosida yaratilgan
|
|
animatsiya ...............................................................................................
|
|
|
|
FOYDALANILGAN ADABIYOTLAR.....................................................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Содержание
|
|
|
|
Введение....................................................................................................
|
|
1- глава. Основы компьютерной графики
|
|
1.1. Основные понятия компьютерной графики...........................
|
|
1.2. Растрные, векторные и фрактальные графики......................
|
|
1.3. Отношение между векторной и растрной графики............
|
|
|
|
2-глава. Аппаратное и программное обеспечение компьютерной графики
|
|
2.1. Дисплей – устройства визуального изображения................
|
|
2.2. Видеоадаптеры………………..................................................
|
|
2.3. Скайнеры.............................................................................
|
|
2.4. Плоттеры...............................................................................
|
|
2.5. Дигитайзеры...............................................................................
|
|
2.6. Компьютерные средства для обеспечение видеотехнологии.....
|
|
2.7.Эволюция компьютерных видеосистем............................
|
|
2.8. Особенности программных средств графических изображений
|
|
3-глава. Изображение геометрических фигур
|
|
3.1. Математические основы компьютерной графики...................
|
|
3.2. Кривые линии Безье………………………………………..
|
|
3.3. Рисование кривых линий по точкам с помощью сплайнов
|
|
|
|
4-глава. Основные алгоритмы растровой графики
|
|
4. 1. Алгоритмы рисований отрезок.....................................................
|
|
4.2. Алгоритмы Брезенхейма...................................................................
|
|
4.3. Использование кривые линии Безье.............................................
|
|
4.4. Методы генерации изображений растровой развертки...................
|
|
4.5. Групповые и ячеечные кодирование.............................................
|
|
4.6. Буфер кадра и растровая адресация.........................................
|
|
|
|
5-глава. Алгоритмы растра. Методы переработки растровых изображений
|
|
5.1. Формат файлов для сохранения растровых изображений.....
|
|
5.2. Устранение эффекта Zina.................................................
|
|
5.3. Dizеring......................................................................................
|
|
|
|
6-глава. Цвет и модели цветов
|
|
6.1. Общие понятие цвета.........................................................
|
|
6.2. модел RGB цвета.........................................................
|
|
6.3. модел SMU цвета..................................................................
|
|
6.4. Другие модели цвета.........................................................
|
|
6.5. Кодирование цветов. Палитра..................................................
|
|
7-глава. ВВЕДЕНИЕ В ГРАФИЧЕСКИЙ ДИЗАЙН
|
|
7.1. Основы графического дизайна...............................................
|
|
7.2. Размер.......................................................................................
|
|
7.3. Фигура и размер..........................................................................
|
|
7.4. Текстура и размер.........................................................................
|
|
7.5. Цвет и размер..........................................................................
|
|
|
|
8- глава. Графический редактор ADOBE PHOTOSHOP
|
|
8.1. Основные особенности графического радактора ADOBE PHOTOSHOP ………………………………….
|
|
8.2. Панели инструментов ADOBE PHOTOSHOP.................................
|
|
8.3. Средства управления панелами инструментов ADOBE PHOTOSHOP
|
|
|
|
9-глава. Технология обработки изображений.
|
|
Программа COREL DRAW
|
|
9.1. Общие сведения о программе Corel Draw ................
|
|
9.2. Разделение объектов.............................................................
|
|
9.3. Размещение масштаба..........................................................
|
|
9.4. Инструменты редактирование форма объектов......................
|
|
|
|
10-глава. Компьютерная анимация. Программа MACROMEDIYA FLASH
|
|
|
|
10.1. Программа Macromediya Flash. Основная рабочая область программы ……………………………………………………………..
|
|
10.2. Основные операции выполняемые над кадров..........................
|
|
10.3. Панели инструментов Macromediya Flash...
|
|
10.4. Создание анимации в программе Macromediya Flash...........
|
|
10.5. Анимации созданные на основе изменение геометрии фигур.
|
|
|
|
Использованные литературы ........................................................................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Contents
|
|
|
|
Introduction....................................................................................................
|
|
1- chapters. Bases the computer drawing
|
|
1.1. Basic concepts the computer drawing...........................
|
|
1.2. Raster, vector and fractal drawing......................
|
|
1.3. The relation between vector and Raster drawing............
|
|
|
|
2- chapters. Hardware and the software of computer drawing
|
|
2.1. The display – devices of the visual image................
|
|
2.2. Video adapters ………………..................................................
|
|
2.3. Scaners .............................................................................
|
|
2.4. Plotters...............................................................................
|
|
2.5. Digitizers...............................................................................
|
|
2.6. Computer means for maintenance of video technology.....
|
|
2.7. Evolution of computer videosystems............................
|
|
2.8. Features of software of graphic representations
|
|
3- chapters. The image of geometrical figures
|
|
3.1. Mathematical bases of a computer drawing...................
|
|
3.2. Curves of Beze ………………………………………..
|
|
3.3. Drawing of curves on points by means of splines
|
|
|
|
4- chapters . The basic algorithms of raster drawing
|
|
4. 1. Algorithms drawing a piece.....................................................
|
|
4.2. Algorithms of Brezenhejma...................................................................
|
|
4.3. Use curves of Beze.............................................
|
|
4.4. Methods of generation of images of raster development...................
|
|
4.5. Group and Cells coding.............................................
|
|
4.6. The buffer of a shot and raster addressing.........................................
|
|
|
|
5- chapters. Algorithms of a raster. Methods of processing of raster images
|
|
5.1. A format of files for preservation of raster images.....
|
|
5.2. Elimination of effect Zina.................................................
|
|
5.3. Dizеring......................................................................................
|
|
|
|
6- chapters. Colour and models of colours
|
|
6.1 The general concept of colour..........................................................
|
|
6.2. Model RGB of colour........................................................................
|
|
6.3. Model SMU of colour.......................................................................
|
|
6.4. Other models of colour.........................................................
|
|
6.5. Coding of colours. A palette...............................................................
|
|
7- chapters. INTRODUCTION In GRAPHIC DESIGN
|
|
7.1. Bases of graphic design......................................................................
|
|
7.2. The size................................................................................................
|
|
7.3. A figure and the size.....................................................................
|
|
7.4. A structure and the size...............................................................
|
|
7.5. Colour and the size....................................................................
|
|
|
|
8- chapters. Graphic editor ADOBE PHOTOSHOP
|
|
8.1. The basic features graphic editor ADOBE PHOTOSHOP ……
|
|
8.2. Panels of tools ADOBE PHOTOSHOP............................................
|
|
8.3. Control facilities panels of tools ADOBE PHOTOSHOP
|
|
|
|
9- chapters. Technology of processing of images. Program COREL DRAW.
|
|
|
|
9.1. The general data on program Corel Draw............................
|
|
9.2. Division of objects..........................................................
|
|
9.3. Scale placing..........................................................
|
|
9.4. Tools editing the form of objects.............................
|
|
|
|
10- chapters. Computer animation. Program MACROMEDIYA FLASH.
|
|
10.1. Program Macromediya Flash. The basic worker program area…..
|
|
10.2. The basic operations which are carried out over shots........................
|
|
10.3. Panels of tools Macromediya Flash...
|
|
10.4. Animation creation in program Macromediya Flash...........
|
|
10.5. Animations created in bases change of geometry of the form.
|
|
|
|
The used literatures......................................................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
