O‘zbekiston respublikasi oliy va o‘rta maxsus ta’lim vazirligi toshkent moliya instituti islamova Tohira Rixsibayevna Xorijiy til fanidan mustaqil ta’limni tashkil etish bo‘yicha uslubiy ko‘rsatma

Task 2. Reading

Read the text about types of problems. Match the sentence parts a-f with the paragraphs 1-6.

a. ...who aims to reallocate cyber capital to best serve the needs of the client...

b. …which is based on calculating the most efficient route between many places .

c........that forces the climber to climb........

d. … set by somebody using chess pieces on a chess board .

e..........i.e., an apparent conflict.......

f. ...but because of the existence of a certain type of problem in the world.

Problems can be divided into several types according to scientists’ opinion.

1. In society, a problem can refer to particular social issues, which, if solved, yield social benefits, such as increased class harmony or industry productivity. Many would like to see an end to all social problems, known as a wicked problem, that may unfortunately never occur.

2. In business and engineering, a problem is often defined as a difference between actual conditions and those that are required or desired. Consider the case of the asset manager. Sometimes, the causes of a problem here are not known, in which

case root cause analysis is employed to find the causes and identify corrective actions.

3. In chess, a problem is a puzzle, often for others to get instruction or intellectual satisfaction from determining the solution.

4. In academic discourse a problem is a challenge to an assumption, that requires synthesis and reconciliation. It is a normal part of systematic thinking, the address of which adds to or detracts from the veracity of a conclusion or idea. Problematization is employed to fix these kinds of problems.

5. A good example of an optimization problem is the travelling salesperson problem. Another good example of this type of problem is how to

optimize and tune the electronic telescope arrays in Arizona so as to maintain connectivity with Voyager satellites as they begin to leave the solar system.

6. In rock climbing, a problem is a series of rocks. For more challenging courses, a climber would seek out those rock climbing walls that require a longer reach or, perhaps, even a lunge.
Task 3. Complete parts of the essay below using facts and your personal opinion.
1) Nowadays global problems are getting more and more essential. I personally believe that the world as a whole currently faces several dramatic problems. Examples of these world problems include terrorism, desertification, overpopulation, deforestation, pollution, and poverty. Of all these world problems the two that should currently be focused on are poverty and pollution.

In addition,.................................................................

2) Apart from this,……………………………………………..

3) On the other hand,……………………………………………………

4) To sum up,………………………………………………………………
Task 4. Choose one of the following topics and create topic sentences to one of the paragraphs of an opinion essay. Use proper linking words to support your ideas:

1. Poverty creates negative consequences for society.

2. Traffic in the city is terrible.

3. Finding the right place to study was the most difficult problem at college.