O’zbekiston respublikasi oliy va o’rta maxsus ta’lim vazirligi samarqand davlat chet tillari instituti filologiya va tillarni o’qitish(ingliz tili)

O’ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI OLIY VA O’RTA MAXSUS TA’LIM VAZIRLIGI SAMARQAND DAVLAT CHET TILLARI INSTITUTI

Filologiya va tillarni o’qitish(ingliz tili) 1-kurs 2114_guruh Nuriddinov Muhriddinning “German filologiyasiga kirish” fanidan tayyorlagan

MUSTAQIL ISHI

Mavzu: Weak and Strong Verbs

Weak Verbs are verbs which add an ending to a verb stem to indicate person, number, tense ... Second Conjugation Weak Verbs: The stem generally ends in a vowel (these are less common than first conjugation weak verbs).

• Weak Verbs are verbs which add an ending to a verb stem to indicate person, number, tense ... Second Conjugation Weak Verbs: The stem generally ends in a vowel (these are less common than first conjugation weak verbs).
• Most verbs in Modern English behave like weak verbs.
• Walk ==> Walked is an example of a weak verb.
• All Weak Verbs fall into three patterns of endings, called Conjugations. 
• First Conjugation Weak Verbs: The stem generally ends in a consonant (these are the most common weak verbs).
• Second Conjugation Weak Verbs: The stem generally ends in a vowel (these are less common than first conjugation weak verbs).
• Third Conjugation Weak Verbs: These verbs don't fit into the first two conjugations. Luckily there are only three that you really need to worry about.

As with all conjugations, you begin with the infinitive, which ends in "an".

• As with all conjugations, you begin with the infinitive, which ends in "an".
• The infinitive is the form of the verb listed in the dictionary.
• Subtract "an" to find the stem of the verb.
• Add the endings in the table below to the stem to form the appropriate form of the verb.

Strong verbs definition: Strong verbs are those that change the stem vowel in order to form the past tense or past participle.

• Strong verbs definition: Strong verbs are those that change the stem vowel in order to form the past tense or past participle.
• Weak verbs definition: Weak verbs are those that add a “-d” or a “-t” ending to the past tense or past participle
• What is a Strong Verb?
• What are strong verbs? Strong verbs have a change in the vowel of the original verb when they are used in the past tense or as a past participle—or they don’t change at all.
• There is no general rule or formula to create the past tense for these verbs. Using most of these verbs in the past tense requires great familiarity with the language.

The number of weak verbs in OE by far exceeded that of strong verbs. In fact, all the verbs, with the exception of the strong 119 verbs and the minor groups (which make a total of about 315-320 units) were weak. Their number was constantly growing since all new verbs derived from other stems were conjugated weak (except derivatives of strong verbs with prefixes). Among the weak verbs there were many derivatives of OE noun and adjective stems and also derivatives of strong verbs built from one of their stems (usually the second stem – Past sg), e.g.

Weak verbs formed their Past and Participle II by means of the dental suffix -d- or -t- (a specifically Germanic trait). In OE the weak verbs are subdivided into three classes differing in the ending of the Infinitive, the sonority of the suffix, and the sounds pre­ceding the suffix. The principal forms of the verbs in the three classes are given in Table 14, with several subclasses in Class I.

he main differences between the classes were as follows: in Class I the Infinitive ended in -an, seldom -ian (-ian occurs after [r]); the Past form had -de, -ede or -te; Participle II was marked by -d, -ed or -t. Some verbs of Class I had a double consonant in the Infinitive (Subclass b), others had a vowel interchange in the root, used together with suffixation (types e and f)).

Class II had no subdivisions. In Class II the Infinitive ended in -ian and the Past tense stem and Participle II had [o] before the dental suffix. This was the most numerous and regular of all the classes.

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