One and
body have the same meaning in compound pronouns. We use
everyone
and everybody in the same way.
NOTE
a Every one as two words can refer to things as well as people.
The comedian told several jokes. Everyone laughed loudly. (stress on
every)
The comedian told several jokes. Every one I had heard before. (stress on
one)
b All and none do not normally mean 'everyone' and 'nobody'. But we can say all of/none of
the people.
c Compare someone and one.
Someone knows what happened. (= one person)
One knows what happened. (= people in general)
d We write no one as two words.
b We use thing for things, actions, ideas etc.
Take everything out of the drawer. (= all the things)
There's something funny going on. (= an action)
I've heard nothing about all this. (= no information)
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189 Everyone, something etc
NOTE Nothing is pronounced
c everywhere = (in) all (the) places
I've been looking everywhere for you.
somewhere = (in) a place
Have you found somewhere to sit?
nowhere = (in) no places
There's nowhere to leave your coat.
NOTE For American someplace etc, • 305 (3).
2 The difference between someone/something and anyone/anything is like the
difference between some and any. • 179
There's someone in the waiting-room.
I can't see anyone in the waiting-room.
Park somewhere along here. Anywhere will do.
3 Pronouns in one/body have a possessive form.
I need everyone's name and address.
Somebody's car is blocking the road.
4 We can use an adjective or a phrase or clause after everyone etc.
We need someone strong to help move the piano, NOT
-strong someone
Have you got anything cheaper? NOT anything of cheaper
Nobody in our group is interested in sightseeing.
I've told you everything I know.
We can also use else after everyone etc.
Is there anything else you want? (= any other thing)
Let's go somewhere else. (= to another place)
NOTE
a A phrase with
one/body + else can be possessive.
But everyone else's parents let them stay out late.
b We cannot use than after else.
How about someone other than me washing up?
22 PRONOUNS PAGE
5 Everyone, something etc take a singular verb. • 153(3)
Everything was in a mess.
After everyone we normally use they/them/their, even though the verb is singular.
Everyone was asked what they thought.
Everybody was doing their best to help.
This can also happen with other words in one/body. • 184(5)
Someone has left their coat here. ~ I think it's Paul's.
NOTE
Someone and
something usually have a singular meaning.
Someone was injured in the accident. (= one person)
Some people were injured in the accident. (= more than one person)
Something was stolen. (= one thing)
Some things were stolen. (= more than one thing)
23
Numbers and measurements
190 Summary
Cardinal numbers •191
one, two, three etc
Ordinal numbers • 192
first, second, third etc
Fractions, decimals and percentages • 193
three quarters point seven five seventy-five per cent
Number of times • 194
once, twice, three times etc
Times and dates • 195
We use numbers when giving the time and the date.
twenty past six October 17th
Some other measurements • 196
We also use numbers to express an amount of money, length, weight etc.
191 Cardinal numbers
1 one 11 eleven
2 two 12
twelve
3 three 13 thirteen
4 four 14 fourteen
5 five 15 fifteen
6 six 16 sixteen
7 seven 17 seventeen
8 eight 18 eighteen
9 nine 19 nineteen
10 ten 20 twenty
1
23 NUMBERS AND MEASUREMENTS PAGE 246
21 twenty-one 100 a/one hundred
22 twenty-two 102 a/one hundred and two
30 thirty 164 a/one hundred and sixty-four
40 forty 596 five hundred and ninety-six
50 fifty 7,830 seven thousand eight hundred and thirty
60 sixty 1,000,000 a/one million
70 seventy 1,000,000,000 a/one billion
80 eighty
90 ninety
NOTE
a Be careful with these spellings: fifteen, eighteen, forty, fifty, eighty.
b We can use
a or
one before
hundred, thousand, million etc.
There's a hundred/one hundred metres to go!
I've told you a thousand times not to do that.
Unemployment stands at one million four hundred thousand.
A is informal.
One is usual in longer numbers. We cannot leave out
a or
one.
NOT I've told you thousand times.
c Hundred, thousand, million etc are singular except in the of-pattern. • (3)
d We use and between hundred and the rest of the number (but not usually in
the USA, • 304(7)).
e We put a hyphen in twenty-one, sixty-five etc, but not before hundred, thousand or million.
f We can write a thousand as 1,000 or 1 000 or 1000 but not 1.000.
g For the numbers 1100, 1200 etc up to 1900, we sometimes say eleven hundred, twelve
hundred etc.
The hostage spent over fourteen hundred days in captivity.
h In British English one billion can sometimes mean 1,000,000,000,000.
i We sometimes use alone dozen for 12.
half a dozen eggs (= 6 eggs)
And in informal English we can use a couple for two.
We'll have to wait a couple of minutes.
2 Here are some examples of numbers in written English.
free for 10 days 450 million trees the last 2 years
in 24 other towns and cities 35,000 free air miles to be won
aged 2 to 11 inclusive an apartment for 6 see page 10
Sometimes numbers are written in words, especially small numbers.
one of four super prizes two bedrooms (one double and one single)
3 To express a large but indefinite number we can use dozens of, hundreds of,
thousands of and
millions of.
There were hundreds of people in the square, NOT e
ight hundreds of...
A drop of water consists of millions of atoms.
NOTE
We can use a definite number with the of-pattern for part of a quantity.
One of these letters is for you. Four of the passengers were injured.
4 We can use words and phrases like these to give an approximate number.
about two years around a thousand pounds approximately four miles
Here are some other ways of modifying a number.
more than 100 destinations over 5 metres long
less than ten miles below 10,000 feet children under 3
only £14.99 at least 3 weeks sleeps up to 6 people
1st first 8th
eighth
2nd second 9th ninth
3rd third 12th twelfth
4th fourth 13th thirteenth
5th fifth 20th
twentieth
5 We also use numbers to identify someone or something, for example on a credit
card, passport or ticket. We read each figure separately.
Express Card 4929 806 317 445
'four nine two nine, eight oh six, three one seven, double four five'
Call us on 0568 92786
'oh five six eight, nine two seven eight six'
NOTE
We say 'oh' for the figure 0 in these numbers. When we talk about this figure, we use nought.
You've missed out a nought here.
But in the USA (and sometimes in Britain) we say 'zero' for 0.
192 Ordinal numbers
1 We form most ordinals by adding th to the cardinal number, e.g. ten tenth.
Twenty, thirty etc have ordinals
twentieth, thirtieth etc. First, second and
third are
irregular.
21st twenty-first
22nd twenty-second
54th fifty-fourth
100th hundredth
347th three hundred and forty-seventh
NOTE Be careful with these spellings: fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth and twentieth etc.
2 Here are some examples.
her 65th birthday on the 83rd floor
The third and fourth adult passengers in your car can travel free.
NOTE
a We also use ordinal numbers in fractions, • 193(1), and dates, • 195(2).
b George V is spoken 'George the fifth'.
c An ordinal number usually comes before a cardinal. • 143(3h)
The first four runners were well ahead of the others.
193 Fractions, decimals and percentages
1 Fractions
a In fractions we use half, quarter or an ordinal number.
½ a/one half
1
½ one and a half
2
/
3
two thirds 2
1
/
3
two and a third
¼ a/one quarter 6
3
/
4
six and three quarters
4
/
5
four fifths
15
/
16
fifteen sixteenths/fifteen over sixteen
b With numbers less than one, we use of before a noun phrase.
Two thirds of the field was under water.
We get a quarter of the profits.
For half, • 178 (2b).
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