Obesity in the world and in Uzbekistan

Name: Dadakhonov Ibrokhimjon
Professor: Nargiza Khamidova
Course: GLBC 1200
Due date: 24.04.2022
Obesity in the world and in Uzbekistan

Worldwide Obesity

Every year, 4.7 million people die because of obesity. Obesity has extended from affluent countries to all socioeconomic strata, making it one of the world's most important health problems. The Lancet's medical magazine released a massive global study of mortality, illness causes, and risk factors called Global Illness Burden. Here are some annual death estimates based on various risk variables. Although the image displays a global total, the Change Nation button allows you to browse any country or region. Obesity, defined as a high BMI, has been related to several the world's leading causes of death, including heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and cancer. Obesity does not cause these health issues, but it does increase their likelihood. According to the graph, it is one of the world's top causes of death. Obesity caused 4.7 million premature deaths in 2017, according to the Global Disease Load Survey. By the way, this was nearly four times the number of people killed in vehicle accidents in 2017 and nearly five times the number of people killed by HIV/AIDS.

Obesity in Uzbekistan

Uzbekistan is on track to meet three nutrition targets for mothers, infants, and young children (MIYCN). There has been some progress toward the goal of reducing anaemia among women of reproductive age, with 24.8 percent of women aged 15 to 49 years now affected. Meanwhile, no progress has been made toward meeting the low birth weight target, with 5.3 percent of infants being born with a low birth weight. There is insufficient data to evaluate Uzbekistan's progress toward the exclusive breastfeeding target; however, the most recent prevalence data show that 49.5 percent of infants aged 0 to 5 months are exclusively breastfed.
Uzbekistan is on track to meet the stunting target, with 10.8 percent of children under the age of five affected, which is lower than the Asia region average (21.8 percent ). Uzbekistan is also on track to meet the wasting target, with 1.8 percent of children under the age of five affected, which is lower than the Asia region average (8.9 percent ). The prevalence of overweight children under the age of five is 4.6 percent, and Uzbekistan is «on track» to keep this figure from rising.
Uzbekistan has shown limited progress towards meeting targets for diet-related noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). The country has shown no progress towards meeting the obesity target, with an estimated 21.8% of adult women (aged 18 and over)and 16.1% of adult men living with obesity. The prevalence of obesity in Uzbekistan is above the regional average of 10.3% for women and 7.5% for men. At the same time an estimated 13.2% of adult women and 12.8% of adult men are affected by diabetes. Reasons of Obesity in Uzbekistan 90% of cases of obesity are the result of lifestyle, eating disorders and physical activity: Long intervals between meals and excessive portions Overeating in the evening Food before bed A large amount of carbohydrates and fats (especially confectionery and animal origin) with a lack of fiber and dietary fiber Excess calorie intake compared to calorie expenditure
Lack of physical stimulation of muscle tissue to participate in the processing of fat. This also includes family predisposition and psychogenic overeat 10% of cases of obesity are due to disorders in the functioning of organs and systems. According to the Ministry of Health of Uzbekistan, last year a study was conducted in collaboration with WHO. It has been scientifically proven that 51 percent of of the country's population is overweight, and 28 percent. Is obese. According to the head of the rehabilitation department of the Republican Specialized Center for Cardiology of Uzbekistan, Candidate of Medical Sciences Nargiza Tashkenbayeva, inactivity, many hours of work at the computer all day long causes many diseases, including cardiovascular diseases associated with overweight people.

Problem Solving

Actually, in the end of last year, in one of the regions of Uzbekistan, the government started to pay citizens for every lost kilogram.This way, the government tried to deal with obesity and unhealthy lifestyle problems. For example, among 32 thousand patients with diabetes, only two thousand acquired this disease by inheritance. The remaining 30 thousand are ill due to obesity, malnutrition, a sedentary lifestyle. They payed 500 thousand soms for 1 lost kilogram. And it worked really good, people lost kilograms and some of them defeated the decease.
First of all, we should consider what we must take into account is the nutrition of citizens of Uzbekistan. To what extent products on sale are useful and harmful. How much sugar and unhealthy fats are in foods. Can we buy food and not be afraid that it can harm us. We suggest reviewing all foods that are consumed on a daily basis to make sure exactly what the problem is. For example, butter contains a lot of fat, but it is tasty and many people use it daily, spread on bread. But what if you replace it with avocado, a much more useful and nutrient-rich product. And what about sweets? For example, various sweets. Sweets contain a large amount of sugar, which can lead to obesity, and later to diabetes. What if you replace candy with jelly gummies. They contain much less sugar, and gelatin is very good for bones. This one would be a great alternative to regular candy, because jelly candy tastes even better. This could be a great option to solve the problem with daily consumed products and its threat.
Another solution we came up with was sports. I am talking about different gym activities that keep your body in shape. The government could provide free gym equipments for the usage of people who need to lose weight. For example, if your weight is above the norm and you want to maintain healthy lifestyle, you can come to special gym with trainer who will look after you. Also, about gym equipment. If you ever saw, in Japan, there are free gym vehicles in parks so that everybody can workout. Same idea is in here. I think that just healthy food is not enough to achieve your body goals. Everybody need sports and government can make it happen in fact.

Conclusion

By the way of conclusion and plus according to above mentioned information, obesity is one of the common causes of deaths in the world (4.7 mln deaths in a year).Furthermore, children with obesity increasing in Uzbekistan and women are more obese rather than men in Uzbekistan.And there are some ways of eliminating obesity such as controlling eating habits, sport related activities and some allowances in society like allowing our children to play outside without jackets in cold weathers. Interesting fact here, this will prevent from obesity and body produces more brown fats rather than white fats.

References :

1. 
   “Uzbekistan is making healthy diets a cornerstone of national policy with the help of WHO” (January, 2021). Retrieved from
   

https://www.euro.who.int/en/countries/uzbekistan/news/news/2021/01/uzbekistan-is-making-healthy-diets-a-cornerstone-of-national-policy-with-the-help-of-who

2. 
   “Epidemiology of Obesity and Hypertension in Uzbekistan” (August, 2005). Retrieved from
   

https://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/wp25/wp25.pdf

3. 
   “Global Nutrition Report (Uzbekistan)” (February, 2022). Retrieved from https://globalnutritionreport.org/resources/nutrition-profiles/asia/central-asia/uzbekistan/