in a building
– binoda
in a country
– mamlakatda
in a row
– qatorda
in a garden
– bog’da
in the water
– suvda
in a line
- chiziqda
in a park
– parkda
in the sea
– dengizda
in a queue
– navbatda, ocheredda
in her purse
– cho’ntagida
in your hand
– qo’lingda
in the mountains
– tog’larda
in your mouth
– og’zingda
in the front row
– old qatorda
2. Quyidagi birikmalarda ham
IN
ishlatiladi:
in a photograph
– fotosuratda
in a mirror
– ko’zguda
in the sky
– osmonda
in a picture
– rasmda
in the street
– ko’chada
Note
:
Stulning ustiga
nisbatan “
ON
” predlogi,
kresloning ustiga
nisbatan “IN” predlogi ishlatiladi:
She
is sitting on the chair. U stulda o’tiribdi. She is sitting in the armchair. U kresloda o’tiribdi
.
3.
Quyidagi joy nomlari uchun esa “
in
” ishlatiladi:
at the bus stop
– bekatda
at the top of the page
– sahifaning eng yuqorisida
at the door
– eshik yonida
at the bottom of the page
– sahifaning eng pastida
at the window
– deraza yonida
at the end of the street
– ko’chaning oxirida
at the back
– orqada
at the traffic lights
– svetaforda
at the front
– oldinda
at reception
– qabul xonada
4
. Xonaning devori, poli va shiftiga nisbatan “
on
” predlogi ishlatiladi:
on the wall
– devorda
on her nose
– burni ustida
on the grass
– maysada
on the floor
– polda
on a page
– sahifada
on the notice board
– e’lon taxtasida
on the ceiling
– shiftda
on the ground
– yerda
on the top shelf
– eng yuqori tokchada
5
. O’ng yoki chap tomonga nisbatan ham “
on
” predlogi ishlatiladi:
on the left
– chapda
on the left-hand side
– chap qo’l tarafda
on the right
– o’ngga
on the right-hand side
– o’ng qo’l tarafda
6.
Bino qavatlariga nisbatan “
on
” predlogi ishlatiladi:
On the ground floor
– 1-qavatda
on the
first floor
– 2-qavatda
on the second floor
-3-qavatda.
7.
Kichik orollarga, daryo va qirg’oq bo’ylariga, katta ko’chalarga nisbatan “
on
” predlogi
ishlatiladi:
on a small island
– kichik bir orolda,
on the coast
– qirg’oqda,
on a river
– daryo bo’yida,
on
a road
– shoh ko’chada;
on the river Thames
– Temza daryosi bo’yida,
on the south coast of England
– Angliyaning janubiy qirg’og’ida;
on the way
– yo’lda;
on my way home
– uyga boradigan yo’limda.
109
8.
Xonaning burchagiga nisbatan “
in
” predlogi, ko’chaning burchagiga nisbatan esa “
at
yoki
on
”
predlogi ishlatiladi:
in the corner of the room
– xonaning burchagida,
at the corner of a street
=
on the
corner of a street
– ko’cha burchagida;
9
. Mashinaning old va orqa o’rindiqlariga nisbatan “
in
” predlogi ishlatiladi:
in the front
of a car
– mashinaning old o’rindig’ida,
in the back of a car
– mashinaning orqa o’rindig’ida;
10.
Bino, zal, kinoteatr, kishilar guruhining old yoki orqa tomoniga nisbatan “
at
” predlogi
ishlatiladi:
at the front of a building
– binoning oldida,
at the back of the hall
– zalning orqasida,
at the
front of the cinema
– kinoteatrning oldida,
at the back of the group
of the people
– odamlar guruhining
orqasida;
11
. Qog’oz, varaq va xatning old va orqa tomonlariga nisbatan “
on
” predlogi ishlatiladi:
On the front of a letter
– xatning old tomonida,
on the back of this piece of paper
– qog’ozning orqa
tomonida;
UNIT – 118
1.
Kishilar yig’ilib o’tkazadigan jamoaviy tadbirlar va joylarga nisbatan “
AT”
predlogi ishlatiladi:
at a party
– ziyofatda,
at a concert
– konsertda,
at a conference
– anjumanda,
at a football match
–
fubol musobaqasida,
at a film
– filmda,
at a meeting
– uchrashuvda,
at a sports event
– sport
musobaqasida.
2.
Quyidagi birikmalarda
“AT”
predlogi ishlatiladi:
At home
– uyda
at university
– universitetda,
at the seaside
– dengiz bo’yida,
At work
– ishda
at a station
– vokzalda,
at sea
– dengiz sayohatida,
At school
– maktabda
at an airport
– aeroportda,
Lekin
: quyidagi birikmalarda esa
“IN”
predlogi ishlatiladi. “Farm” so’zi bilan esa “on” predlogi
ishlatiladi:
In bed
– to’shakda,
in hospital
– kasalxonada,
in prison
– qamoqxonada,
on a farm
–
fermada, dalada.
3. “Hotel”
va
“restaurant”
so’zlariga nisbatan esa
“in”
predlogi ham
“at”
predlogi ham
ishlatilaveradi:
in a hotel
yoki
at a hotel
– mehmonxonada,
in a restaurant
yoki
at a restaurant
–
restoranda.
4.
Biror kishining uyida mehmondaman, biror kishinikidaman ma’nosida
“house
” so’ziga
nisbatan
“at”
predlogi ishlatiladi. Bunda ba’zan “house” so’zi tushib qolishi ham mumkin:
I was at Tom’s
house last night. Men o’tkan oqshom Tomning uyida edim. = I was at Tom’s last night. Men o’tkan
oqshom Tomlarnikida edim.
Lekin:
Binoning o’zi haqida gapirganimizda
“in”
predlogi ishlatamiz:
There are six rooms in Tom’s
house. Tomning uyida 6 ta xona bor. I enjoyed the film but it was very cold in the cinema. Men filmdan
rohatlandim lekin kinoteatrning ichi juda sovuq edi
.
5.
Odatda shahar, shaharcha va qishloqlarga nisbatan
“in”
predlogi ishlatiladi:
in the city
–
shaharda,
in the village
– qishloqda,
in London,
Lekin:
Sayohat asnosida bir to’xtab o’tish joyi sifatida olinganda shahar, shaharcha va
qishloqlarga nisbatan
“at”
predlogi ishlatiladi:
This train doesn’t stop
at Samarkand
. Bu poezd
Samarqandda to’xtab o’tmaydi. We stopped
at a pretty village
on the way to London. Biz Londonga
borayotganimizda ajoyib bir qishloqda to’xtab o’tdik
.
6.
Katta joylarga nisbatan
“arrive in”,
kichik joylarga nisbatan
“arrive at
”, “
home
” so’ziga
nisbatan esa “
arrive
” so’zining yolg’iz o’zi ishlatiladi:
We arrived in London at 6 o’clock. Biz Londonga
soat 6 da yetib bordik. I arrived at school at 8 o’clock. Men maktabga soat 8 da yetib bordim. He arrived
home at 5 o’clock. U uyga soat 5 da yetib bordi.
110
UNIT – 119
1.
Biror joyga nisbatan ishlatilganda
go, come, travel
va hokazo yo’nalganlikni bildiradigan
fe’llardan keyin
“to”
predlogi ishlatiladi:
go to America
– Amerikaga bormoq,
go to a party
– ziyofatga bormoq
fly to Moscow
– Moskvaga uchmoq,
be taken to hospital
– kasalxonaga keltirilmoq.
go to the bank
– bankka bormoq,
return to Italy
– Italyaga qaytmoq,
be sent to prison
– qamoqxonaga jo’natilmoq,
go to bed
– uxlagani yotmoq,
come to Englang
– Angliyaga kelmoq,
go to a concert
– konsertga bormoq,
walk to work
– ishga piyoda bormoq,
drive to the airport
– a-ga mashinada bormoq,
get to work
– ishga yetib bormoq,
Lekin
: yo’nalishni bildiradigan
go, come, get
kabi fe’llar “home” so’zi bilan kelganda predlogsiz
ishlatiladi:
go home
– uyga bormoq,
come home
– uyga kelmoq,
get home
– uyga yetib bormoq.
2
. Biror joyda bo’lib hozirda esa qaytib kelganlikni ifodalash uchun “
been to
” birikmasi ishlatiladi:
I have been to London but now I’m in Samarkand. Men Londonda bo’lganman lekin hozir
Samarqanddaman
.
Lekin
: Hozir ham o’sha joyda bo’lsa, qaytib kelmagan bo’lsa “
been in
” ishlatiladi:
I have been in
London for 5 years. I’m studying there now. Men 5 yildan buyon Londondaman. Men hozir u yerda ta’lim
olayapman
.
3.
Biror narsa yoki joining ichiga bo’lgan harakatni ifodalash uchun “
go, come, get
” fe’llaridan
keyin “
into
” predlogi ishlatiladi:
He went into the room. U xona(ning ichi)ga kirdi
.
4.
Biz biror joyga qanday borganligimizni aytish uchun artikl yoki biror ko’rsatgichsiz kelgan
transport nomlari oldidan “
by
” predlogini ishlatamiz:
By car
-mashina orqali,
by boat
-qayiq orqali,
by bicycle
-velosiped orqali,
By train
-poez orqali,
by ship
-kema orqali,
By plane
-samolyot orqali,
by bus
-avtobus orqali,
Shuningdek
:
by road
-yo’lda,
by rail
-temir yo’l orqali,
by air
-samolyotda,
by sea
-dengizda,
by
underground
=
by subway
=
by tube
=
by metro
– metroda,
Lekin
:
on foot
– piyoda.
5.
Biror joyga qanday borganlikni aytishda, agar transport vositalari nomlari oldidan biror
ko’rsatgich kelsa, mashina va taksilar uchun “
in
” predlogi, avtobus, poezd, samolyot va kemalar uchun
“
on
” predlogi ishlatiladi:
in my car
-mashinamda,
in Tom’s car
-Tomning mashinasida,
in the car
-
mashinada,
in a car
-mashinada,
in a taxi
-taksida.
Get in(to
)-mashina (taksi) ga minmoq,
get out of
-mashina (taksi) dan tushmoq.
On my bicycle
-velosipedimda,
on the bus
-avtobusda,
on the 6:30 train
-olti yarimdagi poezdda,
on a
big ship
-katta kemada.
Get on
-minmoq (velosiped, avtobus, poezd va h.).
get off
-tushmoq (velosiped,
avtobus, poezd va h.)
UNIT-120
1. On time
va
in time:
Aynan belgilangan vaqtda, bir daqiqa ham kechiktirib bo’lmaydigan
ish-harakatlar uchun “
on time
” (vaqtida) birikmasi ishlatiladi:
Our lesson is at 3 o’clock. Please, come
on time. Darsimiz soat 3 da. Iltimos vaqtida kel.
Belgilangan vaqtdan bir oz oldinroq yoki
keyinroq ham bajarilishi mumkin bo’lgan ish-harakatlar uchun “
in time
” birikmasi ishlatiladi:
I want to
get home in time to see the football match. Futbol musobaqasini ko’rish uchun uyga vaqtida borishni
xohlayman
.
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