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CHAPTER 1 The Subjunctive Mood?
In grammar, mood refers to a verb form that shows the writer's attitude toward the content of his or her words. There are three different kinds of mood in English grammar. Subjunctive mood expresses a desire, a requirement, a suggestion, or a hypothetical (Nordquist, 2018). The other two types of mood are indicative and imperative. Indicative mood asks a question or expresses a fact or opinion, while imperative mood is used to issue a command. According toNordquist (2018), in English grammar, the subjunctive is the mood of a verb expressing wishes,stipulating demands, or making statements contrary to fact. Etymologically, the word subjunctive is from the Latin, "subjoin, bind, subordinate" According to Sabin (1996) sentences that express necessity, demand, strong request,urging or resolution in the main clause require a subjunctive verb in the dependent clause thatfollows. For instance, if the verb in the dependent clause requires the use of the verb “to be”, theform “be” must be used for the all the three persons, and not “am”, ‘is” or “are”. Also, if the verbin the dependent clause is a verb other than “be’, one has to use the ordinary present tense formfor all three persons without adding the morpheme, “s” to the third person singular (Nordquist,2019, Sabin, 1996).
The subjunctive mood expresses wishes, suggestions, demands, or desires in a sentence with usually two clauses, with a verb such as wish (or suggest, demand, etc.) in one clause and a second verb in the subjunctive mood. In the sentence 'I wish I were the president' the verb 'were' is in the subjunctive mood.Anyone who's learned a language will not be surprised to find out that languages have moods.But when we're talking about the language kind of mood (which is etymologically unrelated to the other kind, btw), we're talking about verbs, and what they express. Grammatical mood can be understood as a set of forms of a verb that show what a sentence is up to—that is, whether it's making a statement, giving a command or suggestion, or expressing a wish or a possibility.
As we said above, grammatical moods are about verbs. A subjunctive verb usually appears in a sentence with two clauses: in one clause there's the subjunctive verb, and in the other is an indicative verb. (Reminder: a clause is a group of words that forms a part of a sentence and has its own subject and verb.) For example, in "They suggested that I visit that fabulous cat," "they suggested" is in the indicative mood with suggest as an indicative verb, while "that I visit that fabulous cat" is in the subjunctive with visit as a subjunctive verb. "That I visit that fabulous cat" is a proposal being made with the stated assertion of "they suggested." Suggest is one of a number of verbs that frequently play indicative partner to another verb's subjunctive use.
Others include ask, demand, recommend, require, insist, urge, and wish.The subjunctive is so grammatically unobtrusive as to be hard to notice: in most verbs it calls for a lack of inflection, so it's only noticeable in a context that otherwise calls for inflection. For example, the verb visit in the indicative "I visit that fabulous cat" has the same form as in the subjunctive "They suggested that I visit that fabulous cat." But if we replace I with she, the subjunctive form of the verb visit is noticeably different: in the indicative we have "She visits that fabulous cat"; in the subjunctive it's "They suggested that she visit that fabulous cat